ʻO kēia nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ka palekana Laser
ʻO ka palekana o ka laser e pili ana i ka papa o ka laser āu e hana nei.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu o ka papa, ʻo ka nui aku o nā hana palekana e pono ai ʻoe e hana.
E hoʻolohe mau i nā ʻōlelo aʻo a hoʻohana i nā lako pale kūpono inā pono.
ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā hoʻokaʻawale laser e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana e noho palekana ʻoe i ka wā e hana ana me a puni paha i nā lasers.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā Lasers i nā papa like ʻole e pili ana i ko lākou pae palekana.
Eia kahi wehewehe pōkole o kēlā me kēia papa a me nā mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana iā lākou.
He aha nā Papa Laser: Wehewehe ʻia
E hoʻomaopopo i nā papa Laser = Ke hoʻonui nei i ka ʻike palekana
Nā Lasers Papa 1
ʻO nā lasers Papa 1 ke ʻano palekana loa.
ʻAʻohe mea ʻino i nā maka i ka wā maʻamau o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ʻoiai ke nānā ʻia no ka wā lōʻihi a i ʻole me nā mea hana maka.
He haʻahaʻa loa ka mana o kēia mau lasers, pinepine he mau microwatts wale nō.
I kekahi mau hihia, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā lasers mana kiʻekiʻe (e like me ka Papa 3 a i ʻole Papa 4) e hoʻolilo iā lākou i Papa 1.
Eia kekahi laʻana, hoʻohana nā mīkini paʻi laser i nā lasers mana kiʻekiʻe, akā no ka mea ua hoʻopuni ʻia lākou, ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he mau lasers Class 1.
ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hopohopo e pili ana i ka palekana ke ʻole ka lako i hōʻino ʻia.
Nā Lasers Papa 1M
Ua like nā lasers Class 1M me nā lasers Class 1 no ka mea, palekana lākou no nā maka ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau.
Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻoe e hoʻonui i ke kukuna me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana optical e like me nā binoculars, hiki iā ia ke lilo i mea weliweli.
ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i ke kukuna i hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻoi aku ma mua o nā pae mana palekana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he mea ʻino i ka maka ʻōlohelohe.
ʻO nā diode laser, nā ʻōnaehana kamaʻilio fiber optic, a me nā mea ʻike wikiwiki laser e hāʻule i ka māhele Class 1M.
Nā Lasers Papa 2
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lasers Papa 2 he palekana ma muli o ka reflex blink kūlohelohe.
Inā ʻoe e nānā i ke kukuna, e ʻālohilohi koke kou mau maka, e kaupalena ana i ka ʻike ʻana i lalo o 0.25 kekona—ua lawa kēia e pale aku ai i ka pōʻino.
He mea weliweli wale kēia mau lasers inā ʻoe e haka pono i ke kukuna.
Pono nā lasers Papa 2 e hoʻopuka i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia, ʻoiai ke hana wale nei ka reflex blink ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kukui.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ua kaupalena ʻia kēia mau lasers i 1 milliwatt (mW) o ka mana mau, ʻoiai i kekahi mau hihia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka palena.
Nā Lasers Papa 2M
Ua like nā lasers Class 2M me ka Class 2, akā aia kahi ʻokoʻa nui:
Inā ʻoe e nānā i ke kukuna ma o nā mea hana hoʻonui (e like me ka telescope), ʻaʻole e pale ka blink reflex i kou mau maka.
ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana i kahi kukuna i hoʻonui ʻia no ka manawa pōkole hiki ke hōʻeha.
Nā Lasers Papa 3R
ʻOi aku ka ikaika o nā lasers Class 3R, e like me nā laser pointers a me kekahi mau scanner laser, ma mua o ka Class 2 akā palekana nō naʻe inā lawelawe pololei ʻia.
ʻO ka nānā pololei ʻana i ke kukuna, ʻoiai hoʻi ma o nā mea hana maka, hiki ke hōʻino i nā maka.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ia he mea ʻino ka hoʻopili pōkole ʻana.
Pono nā lasers Papa 3R e lawe i nā lepili ʻōlelo aʻo maopopo, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopilikia inā hoʻohana hewa ʻia.
I nā ʻōnaehana kahiko, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Class 3R ʻo Class IIIa.
Nā Lasers Papa 3B
ʻOi aku ka weliweli o nā lasers Class 3B a pono e mālama ʻia me ke akahele.
ʻO ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana i ke kukuna a i ʻole nā aka e like me ke aniani hiki ke hōʻeha i ka maka a i ʻole ke kuni ʻana o ka ʻili.
ʻO nā aka hoʻopuehu a pālahalaha wale nō ka palekana.
Eia kekahi laʻana, ʻaʻole pono nā lasers Class 3B hoʻomau-nalu e ʻoi aku ma mua o 0.5 watts no nā nalu ma waena o 315 nm a me ka infrared, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono nā lasers pulsed ma ka pae ʻike ʻia (400–700 nm) e ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 millijoules.
Loaʻa pinepine ʻia kēia mau lasers i nā hōʻikeʻike kukui hoʻokipa.
Nā Lasers Papa 4
ʻO nā lasers papa 4 nā mea weliweli loa.
He ikaika kēia mau lasers e hōʻeha nui i nā maka a me ka ʻili, a hiki iā lākou ke hoʻā i ke ahi.
Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā hana ʻoihana e like me ka ʻoki ʻana i ka laser, ka kuʻi ʻana, a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana.
Inā kokoke ʻoe i kahi laser Class 4 me ka ʻole o nā hana palekana kūpono, ua pilikia nui ʻoe.
ʻOiai nā hoʻomālamalama pololei ʻole hiki ke hana i ka hōʻino, a hiki i nā mea e kokoke ana ke ʻā.
E ʻaʻahu mau i nā mea pale a e hahai i nā kaʻina hana palekana.
ʻO kekahi mau ʻōnaehana mana kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā mīkini māka laser automated, he mau lasers Class 4, akā hiki ke hoʻopaʻa palekana ʻia e hōʻemi i nā pilikia.
Eia kekahi laʻana, hoʻohana nā mīkini a Laserax i nā lasers ikaika, akā ua hoʻolālā ʻia lākou e hoʻokō i nā kūlana palekana Class 1 ke hoʻopaʻa piha ʻia.
Nā Pōʻino Laser like ʻole
Ke Hoʻomaopopo nei i nā Pōʻino Laser: Nā Pōʻino Maka, ʻIli, a me ke Ahi
Hiki i nā lasers ke lilo i mea weliweli inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia, me ʻekolu mau ʻano pōʻino nui: nā ʻeha maka, nā kuni ʻili, a me nā pilikia ahi.
Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana laser ma ke ʻano he Papa 1 (ka māhele palekana loa), pono nā limahana ma ia wahi e ʻaʻahu mau i nā lako palekana, e like me nā maka aniani palekana no ko lākou mau maka a me nā lole kūikawā no ko lākou ʻili.
Nā ʻeha maka: ʻO ka pōʻino koʻikoʻi loa
ʻO nā ʻeha maka mai nā lasers ka mea hopohopo nui loa no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha mau loa a makapō paha.
Eia ke kumu o kēia mau ʻeha a pehea e pale aku ai iā lākou.
Ke komo ke kukui laser i ka maka, hana pū ka cornea a me ka lens e kau iā ia ma ka retina (ke kua o ka maka).
A laila hoʻoponopono ʻia kēia mālamalama i kālele ʻia e ka lolo e hana i nā kiʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kēia mau ʻāpana o ka maka—ʻo ka cornea, ka lens, a me ka retina—he mea maʻalahi loa ia i ka hōʻino ʻia e ka laser.
Hiki i kekahi ʻano laser ke hōʻeha i nā maka, akā he mea weliweli loa kekahi mau nalu māmā o ka mālamalama.
Eia kekahi laʻana, hoʻopuka ka nui o nā mīkini kālai laser i ka mālamalama ma nā pae kokoke-infrared (700–2000 nm) a i ʻole ka infrared mamao (4000–11,000+ nm), kahi mea ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka maka kanaka.
Hoʻopili hapa ʻia ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia e ka ʻili o ka maka ma mua o ka kau ʻana ma luna o ka retina, kahi e kōkua ai i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i kona hopena.
Eia nō naʻe, ke kāpae nei ke kukui infrared i kēia pale no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻike maka ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi ke hiki ʻana i ka retina me ka ikaika piha, e ʻoi aku ka ʻino.
Hiki i kēia ikehu keu ke puhi i ka retina, e alakaʻi ana i ka makapō a i ʻole ka pōʻino nui.
Hiki i nā lasers me nā nalu ma lalo o 400 nm (ma ka pae ultraviolet) ke hana i nā hōʻino photochemical, e like me nā cataracts, ka mea e hoʻopōʻino ai i ka ʻike i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.
ʻO ka palekana maikaʻi loa e kūʻē i ka pōʻino o ka maka laser ʻo ke kau ʻana i nā goggles palekana laser kūpono.
Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau maka aniani e omo i nā nalu māmā weliweli.
No ka laʻana, inā ʻoe e hana nei me kahi ʻōnaehana laser fiber Laserax, pono ʻoe i nā goggles e pale aku ai i ka mālamalama nalu 1064 nm.
Nā Pōʻino ʻIli: Nā Wela a me ka Pōʻino Photochemical
ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā ʻeha ʻili mai nā lasers ma mua o nā ʻeha maka, pono lākou e nānā ʻia.
ʻO ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana me ke kukuna laser a i ʻole kona mau aka e like me ke aniani hiki ke puhi i ka ʻili, e like me ka hoʻopā ʻana i kahi kapuahi wela.
ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ke kuni e pili ana i ka mana o ka laser, ka nalu lōʻihi, ka manawa hōʻike, a me ka nui o ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia.
ʻElua mau ʻano nui o ka hōʻino ʻili mai nā lasers:
Ka pōʻino wela
Ua like ia me ke kuni ʻana mai kahi ʻili wela.
Ka pōʻino Photochemical
E like me ka ʻā ʻana o ka lā, akā naʻe ma muli o ka ʻike ʻana i nā nalu māmā kikoʻī.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o nā ʻeha ʻili ma mua o nā ʻeha maka, he mea nui nō hoʻi e hoʻohana i nā lole pale a me nā pale e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia.
Nā Pōʻino Ahi: Pehea e hiki ai i nā Lasers ke hoʻā i nā mea hana
ʻO nā lasers—ʻoi aku hoʻi nā lasers Class 4 mana kiʻekiʻe—he pilikia ahi ia.
Hiki i ko lākou mau kukuna, me nā kukui i hoʻohuli ʻia (ʻoiai nā kukui i hoʻolaha ʻia a hoʻopuehu ʻia paha), ke hoʻā i nā mea lapalapa i ke kaiapuni a puni.
I mea e pale ai i nā ahi, pono e hoʻopuni pono ʻia nā lasers Class 4, a pono e noʻonoʻo pono ʻia ko lākou mau ala hoʻomālamalama kūpono.
Hoʻokomo pū kēia i ka helu ʻana no nā ʻōlinolino pololei a me nā ʻōlinolino hoʻolaha, hiki ke lawe i ka ikehu lawa e hoʻā i ke ahi inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia ke kaiapuni.
He aha ka Huahana Laser Papa 1
Ke Hoʻomaopopo nei i nā Lepili Palekana Laser: He aha ko lākou Manaʻo Maoli?
Ua hōʻailona ʻia nā huahana laser ma nā wahi āpau me nā lepili ʻōlelo aʻo, akā ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ke ʻano maoli o kēia mau lepili?
He aha ke ʻano o ka lepili "Papa 1", a ʻo wai ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i nā lepili e kau ʻia ma nā huahana hea? E wehewehe kākou.
He aha ka Laser Papa 1?
ʻO ka laser Papa 1 kahi ʻano laser e hoʻokō ana i nā kūlana palekana paʻa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
Hōʻoia kēia mau kūlana i ka palekana maoli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā lasers Class 1 a ʻaʻole pono nā hana palekana hou aʻe, e like me nā kaohi kūikawā a i ʻole nā lako pale.
He aha nā huahana Laser Papa 1?
ʻO nā huahana laser Class 1, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hiki ke loaʻa nā lasers mana kiʻekiʻe (e like me nā lasers Class 3 a i ʻole Class 4), akā ua hoʻopaʻa palekana ʻia lākou e hōʻemi i nā pilikia.
Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau huahana e mālama i ke kukuna o ka laser, e pale ana i ka ʻike ʻia ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka laser i loko.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa?
ʻOiai ʻo nā huahana laser Class 1 a me nā huahana laser Class 1 he palekana, ʻaʻole like loa lāua.
ʻO nā lasers Papa 1 he mau lasers mana haʻahaʻa i hoʻolālā ʻia e palekana ma lalo o ka hoʻohana maʻamau, me ka ʻole o ka pono no ka pale hou aku.
Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā palekana i kahi kukuna laser Papa 1 me ka ʻole o nā maka aniani pale no ka mea he haʻahaʻa ka mana a palekana hoʻi.
Akā, hiki i kahi huahana laser Papa 1 ke loaʻa kahi laser ikaika i loko, a ʻoiai he palekana ke hoʻohana (no ka mea ua pani ʻia), hiki i ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana ke hoʻopilikia i nā pilikia inā ua hōʻino ʻia ka pā.
Pehea e hoʻoponopono ʻia ai nā huahana Laser?
Hoʻoponopono ʻia nā huahana Laser ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e ka IEC, kahi e hāʻawi ai i nā alakaʻi no ka palekana laser.
Hāʻawi nā loea mai kahi o 88 mau ʻāina i kēia mau kūlana, i hoʻohui ʻia ma lalo oke kūlana IEC 60825-1.
Hoʻomaopopo kēia mau alakaʻi i ka palekana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana laser ma nā ʻano wahi like ʻole.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole Hoʻokō pololei ka IEC i kēia mau Kūlana.
Ma muli o kou wahi, na nā luna kūloko ke kuleana no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā lula palekana laser.
Ke hoʻololi nei i nā alakaʻi o ka IEC e kūpono i nā pono kikoʻī (e like me nā mea ma nā wahi lapaʻau a ʻoihana paha).
ʻOiai he ʻokoʻa iki nā lula o kēlā me kēia ʻāina, ʻae ʻia nā huahana laser e hoʻokō ana i nā kūlana IEC a puni ka honua.
I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, inā kūlike kahi huahana i nā kūlana IEC, kūlike ia me nā lula kūloko, e palekana ai ka hoʻohana ʻana ma nā palena ʻāina.
He aha inā ʻaʻole kahi huahana Laser he papa 1?
ʻO ke kūpono, ʻo nā ʻōnaehana laser āpau e lilo i Papa 1 e hoʻopau i nā pilikia kūpono, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ka hapa nui o nā lasers he Papa 1.
ʻO nā ʻōnaehana laser ʻoihana he nui, e like me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka māka laser, ka wili laser, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe laser, a me ka texturing laser, he mau lasers Class 4.
Nā Lasers Papa 4:ʻO nā lasers mana kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hoʻoweliweli inā ʻaʻole i kaohi pono ʻia.
ʻOiai kekahi o kēia mau lasers e hoʻohana ʻia i nā wahi i kāohi ʻia (e like me nā lumi kūikawā kahi e komo ai nā limahana i nā mea palekana).
Hana pinepine nā mea hana a me nā mea hoʻohui i nā ʻanuʻu hou aʻe e hoʻolilo i nā lasers Class 4 i mea palekana.
Hana lākou i kēia ma ka hoʻopuni ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana laser, ka mea e hoʻololi maoli iā lākou i nā huahana laser Class 1, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana he palekana lākou e hoʻohana.
Makemake ʻoe e ʻike i nā Rula e pili ana iā ʻoe?
Nā Kumuwaiwai a me nā ʻIke Hou aʻe e pili ana i ka Palekana Laser
Ke Hoʻomaopopo nei i ka Palekana Laser: Nā Kūlana, nā Rula, a me nā Kumuwaiwai
He mea koʻikoʻi ka palekana laser i ka pale ʻana i nā ulia a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka lawelawe pono ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana laser.
Hāʻawi nā kūlana ʻoihana, nā lula aupuni, a me nā kumuwaiwai hou aʻe i nā alakaʻi e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hana laser no nā mea āpau e pili ana.
Eia kahi wehewehe maʻalahi o nā kumuwaiwai koʻikoʻi e alakaʻi iā ʻoe i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka palekana laser.
Nā Kūlana Koʻikoʻi no ka Palekana Laser
ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e loaʻa ai kahi ʻike piha o ka palekana laser, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana iā ʻoe iho me nā kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia.
ʻO kēia mau palapala ka hopena o ka laulima ʻana ma waena o nā loea o ka ʻoihana a hāʻawi i nā alakaʻi hilinaʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻohana palekana ʻana i nā lasers.
Ua paʻi ʻia kēia kūlana, i ʻāpono ʻia e ka American National Standards Institute (ANSI), e ka Laser Institute of America (LIA).
ʻO ia kekahi o nā kumuwaiwai koʻikoʻi loa no kekahi e hoʻohana ana i nā lasers, e hāʻawi ana i nā lula a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no nā hana laser palekana.
Uhi ia i ka hoʻokaʻawale laser, nā kuʻuna palekana, a me nā mea hou aku.
ʻO kēia kūlana, i ʻāpono ʻia hoʻi e ANSI, ua hana kūikawā ʻia no ka ʻāpana hana.
Hāʻawi ia i nā alakaʻi palekana kikoʻī no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka laser ma nā wahi ʻoihana, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ua palekana nā limahana a me nā lako mai nā pōʻino e pili ana i ka laser.
ʻO kēia kūlana, i ʻāpono ʻia hoʻi e ANSI, ua hana kūikawā ʻia no ka ʻāpana hana.
Hāʻawi ia i nā alakaʻi palekana kikoʻī no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka laser ma nā wahi ʻoihana, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ua palekana nā limahana a me nā lako mai nā pōʻino e pili ana i ka laser.
Nā Rula Aupuni no ka Palekana Laser
Ma nā ʻāina he nui, he kuleana kū kānāwai ko nā mea hana no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palekana o kā lākou poʻe limahana i ka wā e hana ana me nā lasers.
Eia kahi ʻike holoʻokoʻa o nā lula pili i nā wahi like ʻole:
ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa:
Hoʻokumu ka FDA Title 21, Māhele 1040 i nā kūlana hana no nā huahana hoʻomālamalama, me nā lasers.
Hoʻoponopono kēia kānāwai i nā koi palekana no nā huahana laser i kūʻai ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
Kanaka:
ʻO ke Kānāwai Hana o Kanada a me kaNā Rula Ola Kino a me ka Palekana Hana (SOR/86-304)hoʻokumu i nā kulekele palekana hana kikoʻī.
Eia kekahi, ua pili ke kānāwai o nā mea hana hoʻopuka radiation a me ke kānāwai palekana a me ka kāohi nukelea i ka palekana o ka radiation laser a me ke olakino o ke kaiapuni.
ʻEulopa:
Ma ʻEulopa, ʻo kaKuhikuhi 89/391/EECke nānā aku nei i ka palekana a me ke olakino hana, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ʻōnaehana ākea no ka palekana ma kahi hana.
ʻO kaʻŌlelo Aʻo no ka Radiation Optical Artificial (2006/25/EC)kuhikuhi pono i ka palekana laser, e hoʻoponopono ana i nā palena hōʻike a me nā hana palekana no ka radiation optical.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-20-2024