Isimiso Sokuhlanza Nge-Laser: Sisebenza Kanjani?
Konke okufunayo mayelana nesihlanzi se-laser
Umshini wokuhlanza nge-laser uyinqubo ehilela ukusetshenziswa komsebe we-laser onamandla amakhulu ukususa ukungcola nokungcola ebusweni. Lobu buchwepheshe obusha bunezinzuzo eziningi kunezindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko, okuhlanganisa izikhathi zokuhlanza ezisheshayo, ukuhlanza okunembe kakhudlwana, kanye nomthelela oncishisiwe emvelweni. Kodwa umgomo wokuhlanza nge-laser usebenza kanjani ngempela? Ake sibheke kabanzi.
Inqubo Yokuhlanza Nge-Laser
Ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kuhilela ukuqondisa umsebe we-laser onamandla amakhulu endaweni okufanele ihlanzwe. Umsebe we-laser uyashisa futhi ushise ukungcola nokungcola, okubangela ukuba kusuke ebusweni. Le nqubo ayithinti, okusho ukuthi akukho ukuthintana ngokomzimba phakathi komsebe we-laser nendawo, okususa ingozi yokulimala kwendawo.
Ugongolo lwe-laser lungalungiswa ukuze luqondiswe ezindaweni ezithile zobuso, okwenza lufanelekele ukuhlanza izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinzima ukufinyelela kuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini wokususa ukugqwala nge-laser ungasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa insimbi, ipulasitiki, ingilazi, kanye nezinto zobumba.
Ukuhlanzwa Komphezulu We-Laser Beam
Izinzuzo Zokuhlanza Nge-Laser
Kunezinzuzo eziningi zomshini wokususa ukugqwala nge-laser kunezindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko. Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, ukuhlanza nge-laser kushesha kunezindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko. Ugongolo lwe-laser lungahlanza indawo enkulu ngesikhathi esifushane, kuncishiswe izikhathi zokuhlanza futhi kwandiswe umkhiqizo.
Umshini wokuhlanza nge-laser nawo unembe kakhulu kunezindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko. Ugongolo lwe-laser lungalungiswa ukuze luqondiswe ezindaweni ezithile zobuso, okwenza lufanelekele ukuhlanza izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinzima ukufinyelela kuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini wokuhlanza nge-laser ungasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa insimbi, ipulasitiki, ingilazi, kanye ne-ceramics.
Okokugcina, ukuhlanza nge-laser kuyavikela emvelweni. Izindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko zivame ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali anamandla angaba yingozi emvelweni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umshini wokuhlanza nge-laser awukhiqizi noma iyiphi imfucuza eyingozi noma amakhemikhali, okwenza kube yisisombululo sokuhlanza esihlala isikhathi eside.
Indlela Yokuhlanza Nge-Laser
Izinhlobo Zokungcola Okususiwe Ngokuhlanzwa Nge-Laser
Isihlanzi se-laser singasusa izinhlobo eziningi zokungcola ezindaweni, okuhlanganisa ukugqwala, upende, uwoyela, amafutha kanye nokugqwala. Ugongolo lwe-laser lungalungiswa ukuze luqondiswe ezintweni ezithile ezingcolisayo, okwenza lufanelekele ukuhlanza izindawo nezinto eziningi ezahlukene.
Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kungase kungafaneleki ekususeni izinhlobo ezithile zokungcola, njengezembozo eziqinile noma izendlalelo zopende okunzima ukuziphefumula. Kulezi zimo, izindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko zingadingeka.
Imishini Yokuhlanza Nge-Laser
Ukususwa kwemishini yokugqwala nge-laser ngokuvamile kuqukethe umthombo we-laser, uhlelo lokulawula, kanye nekhanda lokuhlanza. Umthombo we-laser uhlinzeka ngomsebe we-laser onamandla aphezulu, kuyilapho uhlelo lokulawula lulawula ukuqina, ubude, kanye nemvamisa yomsebe we-laser. Ikhanda lokuhlanza liqondisa umsebe we-laser endaweni ezohlanzwa futhi liqoqe ukungcola okuphefumulayo.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-laser zingasetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni nge-laser, okuhlanganisa ama-pulsed lasers kanye nama-continuous wave lasers. Ama-pulsed lasers akhipha imisebe ye-laser enamandla amakhulu ngama-short bursts, okwenza afanelekele ukuhlanza izindawo ezinezimbozo ezincane noma izendlalelo. Ama-continuous wave lasers akhipha umfudlana oqhubekayo wemisebe ye-laser enamandla amakhulu, okwenza afanelekele ukuhlanza izindawo ezinezimbozo ezinkulu noma izendlalelo.
Ikhanda Lokuhlanza Nge-Laser
Izinto Okufanele Uzicabangele Ngokuphepha
Imishini yokuhlanza nge-laser ingakhiqiza imisebe ye-laser enamandla amakhulu engaba yingozi empilweni yabantu. Kubalulekile ukugqoka izinto zokuzivikela, njengezibuko zokuzivikela namaski, ngenkathi usebenzisa imishini yokususa ukugqwala nge-laser. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanza nge-laser kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe abaqonda izinyathelo zokuphepha namasu ahilelekile kule nqubo.
Ukuhlanzwa Nge-Laser Kuyasebenza
Ekuphetheni
Ukuhlanza nge-laser kuyindlela entsha nephumelelayo yokususa ukungcola nokungcola ezindaweni. Kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi kunezindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko, okuhlanganisa izikhathi zokuhlanza ezisheshayo, ukuhlanza okunembe kakhudlwana, kanye nomthelela oncishisiwe emvelweni. Ukuhlanza nge-laser kungasusa ukungcola okuhlukahlukene ezindaweni, okwenza kufaneleke ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanza nge-laser kungase kungafaneleki ukususa izinhlobo ezithile zokungcola, futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele lapho kusetshenziswa imishini yokuhlanza nge-laser.
Ukuboniswa Kwevidiyo | Ukubuka i-laser rust remover
Isisusa ukugqwala nge-laser esinconyiwe
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
I-Fiber Laser (Engcono Kakhulu Yezinsimbi):
Yakhelwe izinsimbi (insimbi, i-aluminium). Ubude bayo obungu-1064 nm bumuncwa kahle yizindawo zensimbi, kususa ukugqwala/upende ngempumelelo. Ilungele izingxenye zensimbi zezimboni.
I-CO₂ Laser (Enhle Kwezinto Ezingokwemvelo):
Ifanela izinto eziphilayo (ukhuni, iphepha, ipulasitiki). Ngobude be-wavelength obungu-10.6 μm, ihlanza ukungcola/igraffiti kulezi ngaphandle komonakalo—isetshenziswa ekuvuseleleni ubuciko, ekulungiseleleni izindwangu.
I-UV Laser (Enembile Ngezinto Ezithambile):
Isebenza ezintweni ezithambile (ingilazi, izinto zobumba, ama-semiconductor). Ububanzi obufushane be-wavelength buvumela ukuhlanza okuncane, ukususa izinto ezincane ezingcolisayo ngokuphephile—okuyisihluthulelo ekukhiqizweni kwezinto zikagesi.
Ukuhlanza Nge-Laser:
Ayihlukumezi futhi ithambile:Isebenzisa amandla okukhanya, ayisebenzisi izinto ezihudulayo ezibonakalayo. Iphephile ezindaweni ezibucayi (isb., izinto zobuciko, izinsimbi ezincane) ezingenamihuzuko.
Ukulawula Okunembile:Imisebe ye-laser elungisekayo ihlose izindawo ezincane neziyinkimbinkimbi. Ilungele ukuhlanza okuningiliziwe (isb., ukususa upende ezingxenyeni ezincane zemishini).
Obungani nemvelo:Akukho mfucuza noma amakhemikhali arhabaxa. Intuthu incane futhi ilawuleka ngokuhlunga.
Ukuqhuma Kwesihlabathi (Okwendabuko):
Umonakalo Obuhlungu:Amatshe asheshayo aklwebha izindawo. Ingozi yokuguqula ukwakheka kwezinto ezithambile (isb., insimbi encane, ukhuni lwasendulo).
Ukunemba Okuncane:Ukusabalala okunonya kwenza ukuhlanza okuqondiwe kube nzima. Ngokuvamile konakalisa izindawo ezizungezile.
Imfucuza Ephakeme:Kukhiqiza uthuli kanye nezinto zokukhuhla ezisetshenzisiwe. Kudinga ukulahlwa okubizayo, kubeka impilo yabasebenzi engcupheni/ukungcola komoya.
Ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kuphumelela ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba, ukuvikelwa kobuso, kanye nokusimama!
Yebo, ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kungakhiqiza amagesi, kodwa izingozi zingalawuleka ngokusetha okufanele. Nasi isizathu:
Lapho Uhlanza:
Izinto Ezingcolisayo Ezinomswakama: Ama-laser ashisa izembozo (upende, uwoyela) noma ukugqwala, akhipha inani elincane lentuthu eguquguqukayo (isb., ama-VOC avela kupende omdala).
Izingozi Ezisekelwe Ezinto Eziphathekayo: Ukuhlanza izinsimbi/amapulasitiki athile kungakhipha umusi omncane wensimbi noma imikhiqizo enobuthi (isb., i-PVC).
Indlela Yokunciphisa Ukucindezeleka:
Ama-Fume Extracters: Izinhlelo zezimboni zibamba okungaphezulu kwama-95% wezinhlayiya/amagesi, zihlunga ukukhishwa okuyingozi.
Izilungiselelo Ezihlanganisiwe: Imisebenzi ebucayi (isb., izinto zikagesi) isebenzisa izivikelo ukuze ivimbele amagesi.
vs. Izindlela Zendabuko:
Ukuqhuma kwesanti/Amakhemikhali: Sakaza uthuli/umhwamuko onobuthi ngokukhululekile, onezingozi ezinkulu zempilo.
Izingozi zegesi zokuhlanza nge-laser ziphansi uma zihambisana nokukhipha—kuphephile kunezindlela zakudala!
Ufuna ukutshala imali emshinini wokususa ukugqwala nge-laser?
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-29-2023