Mphamvu ya Gasi Woteteza mu Kuwotcherera kwa Laser
Zamkatimu:
Kodi Gasi Woteteza Bwino Angakupezereni Chiyani?
In laser kuwotcherera, kusankha kwa gasi woteteza kumatha kukhudza kwambiri mapangidwe, mtundu, kuya, ndi m'lifupi mwa msoko wowotcherera.
Nthawi zambiri, kuyambitsa kwa gasi woteteza kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa seam yowotcherera pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika gasi woteteza kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pakuwotcherera.
Zoyenera komanso zosayenera zogwiritsa ntchito gasi woteteza ndi izi:
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Moyenera
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Molakwika
1. Chitetezo Chothandiza cha The Weld Pool
Kuyambitsa bwino kwa gasi woteteza kumatha kutetezera bwino dziwe la weld kuti lisakhale ndi okosijeni kapenanso kuletsa okosijeni palimodzi.
1. Kuwonongeka kwa The Weld Seam
Kuyambitsa molakwika kwa gasi woteteza kungayambitse kuperewera kwa msoko.
2. Kuchepetsa Kumwaza
Kubweretsa bwino gasi wodzitchinjiriza kumatha kuchepetsa kukwapula panthawi yowotcherera.
2. Kusweka Ndi Kuchepetsa Makina Katundu
Kusankha mtundu wolakwika wa gasi kungayambitse kusweka kwa msoko komanso kuchepa kwa makina.
3. Mapangidwe Ofanana a The Weld Seam
Kuyambitsa koyenera kwa gasi woteteza kumalimbikitsa ngakhale kufalikira kwa dziwe la weld panthawi yolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale yunifolomu komanso kukongola kosangalatsa.
3. Kuchuluka kwa Oxidation Kapena Kusokoneza
Kusankha kuthamanga kwa gasi kolakwika, kaya kukukwera kwambiri kapena kutsika kwambiri, kungayambitse kuwonjezereka kwa okosijeni wa msoko wowotcherera. Zingayambitsenso kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa chitsulo chosungunuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kugwa kapena kusagwirizana kwa msoko wa weld.
4. Kuchulukitsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Laser
Kubweretsa bwino gasi woteteza kumatha kuchepetsa kutchingira kwa zitsulo za nthunzi kapena mitambo ya plasma pa laser, potero kumawonjezera mphamvu ya laser.
4. Chitetezo Chosakwanira kapena Zoipa
Kusankha njira yoyambira yolakwika ya gasi kungayambitse chitetezo chokwanira cha msoko wa weld kapena kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pakupanga msoko wa weld.
5. Kuchepetsa Weld Porosity
Kuyambitsa bwino gasi woteteza kumatha kuchepetsa mapangidwe a pores a gasi mumsoko wowotcherera. Posankha mtundu woyenera wa gasi, kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe kake, ndi njira yoyambira, zotsatira zabwino zitha kupezeka.
5. Chikoka pa Weld Kuzama
Kuyambitsidwa kwa mpweya woteteza kumatha kukhudza kuya kwa weld, makamaka mu kuwotcherera mbale woonda, komwe kumachepetsa kuya kwa weld.
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Gasi Woteteza
Mipweya yoteteza yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwotcherera laser ndi nayitrogeni (N2), argon (Ar), ndi helium (He). Mipweya iyi imakhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zosiyanasiyana pa msoko wa weld.
1. Nayitrogeni (N2)
N2 ili ndi mphamvu ya ionization yapakati, yapamwamba kuposa Ar komanso yotsika kuposa Iye. Pansi pa zochita za laser, ionizes pang'onopang'ono, kuchepetsa mapangidwe a mitambo ya plasma ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa laser. Komabe, nayitrogeni amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi ma aluminiyamu aloyi ndi chitsulo cha kaboni pa kutentha kwina, kupanga nitrides. Izi zitha kuonjezera brittleness ndi kuchepetsa kulimba kwa weld msoko, kusokoneza makina ake katundu. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni ngati gasi woteteza kwa ma aloyi a aluminiyamu ndi ma welds a carbon steel sikuvomerezeka. Kumbali ina, nayitrogeni amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, kupanga ma nitridi omwe amawonjezera mphamvu ya olowa. Choncho, nayitrogeni angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mpweya zoteteza kuwotcherera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
2. Argon Gasi (Ar)
Mpweya wa Argon uli ndi mphamvu yotsika kwambiri ya ionization, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa ionization pansi pa laser. Izi sizothandiza pakuwongolera mapangidwe a mitambo ya plasma ndipo zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa ma laser. Komabe, argon imakhala ndi reactivity yochepa kwambiri ndipo sizingatheke kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ndi zitsulo wamba. Kuphatikiza apo, argon ndiyotsika mtengo. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa chakuchulukira kwake, argon imamira pamwamba pa dziwe la weld, ndikuteteza bwino dziwe la weld. Choncho, angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ochiritsira kutchinga mpweya.
3. Gasi wa Helium (Iye)
Mpweya wa Helium uli ndi mphamvu zambiri za ionization, zomwe zimatsogolera ku digiri yotsika kwambiri ya ionization pansi pa laser action. Zimalola kuwongolera bwino kwa mapangidwe amtambo a plasma, ndipo ma laser amatha kulumikizana bwino ndi zitsulo. Kuphatikiza apo, helium imakhala ndi reactivity yotsika kwambiri ndipo simakumana ndi zitsulo mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale mpweya wabwino kwambiri wotchingira ma weld. Komabe, mtengo wa helium ndi wokwera, choncho nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofufuza zasayansi kapena pazinthu zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo.
Njira Ziwiri Zogwiritsira Ntchito Gasi Woteteza
Pakalipano, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zopangira mpweya wotchinga: kuwomba mbali kwa mbali ndi mpweya wa coaxial shielding, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1 ndi Chithunzi 2, motsatana.
Chithunzi 1: Off-axis Mbali Yowomba Gasi Wotchinga
Chithunzi 2: Coaxial Shielding Gas
Kusankha pakati pa njira ziwiri zowomba zimadalira malingaliro osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi zambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowuzira mbali ya off-axis poteteza gasi.
Momwe Mungasankhire Gasi Woteteza Woyenera?
Choyamba, ndikofunikira kufotokozera kuti mawu akuti "oxidation" a welds ndi mawu ogwirizana. Mwachidziwitso, amatanthauza kuwonongeka kwa weld quality chifukwa cha zochita za mankhwala pakati pa chitsulo chowotcherera ndi zinthu zovulaza mumlengalenga, monga mpweya, nayitrogeni, ndi haidrojeni.
Kupewa kuwotcherera makutidwe ndi okosijeni kumaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kapena kupewa kukhudzana pakati pa zinthu zovulazazi ndi zitsulo zotentha kwambiri. Mkhalidwe wotenthawu umaphatikizapo osati chitsulo chosungunula chowotcherera dziwe komanso nthawi yonse kuyambira pamene zitsulo zowotcherera zimasungunuka mpaka dziwe litakhazikika ndipo kutentha kwake kumachepa pansi pa malo enaake.
Njira Yowotcherera
Mwachitsanzo, pakuwotcherera kwa titaniyamu, kutentha kukakhala pamwamba pa 300 ° C, kuyamwa mwachangu kwa haidrojeni kumachitika; pamwamba pa 450 ° C, kuyamwa kwa okosijeni mofulumira kumachitika; ndipo pamwamba pa 600 ° C, mayamwidwe ofulumira a nayitrogeni amapezeka.
Choncho, chitetezo chogwira ntchito chimafunika kuti titaniyamu alloy weld panthawiyi iwumbe ndipo kutentha kwake kumatsika pansi pa 300 ° C kuti ateteze oxidation. Malingana ndi zomwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, zikuwonekeratu kuti mpweya wotetezera womwe umawombedwa uyenera kupereka chitetezo osati ku dziwe la weld pa nthawi yoyenera komanso kudera lokhazikika la weld. Chifukwa chake, njira yowombera mbali ya mbali yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1 nthawi zambiri imakonda chifukwa imapereka chitetezo chochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi njira yotchingira ya coaxial yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2, makamaka kudera lokhazikika la weld.
Komabe, pazinthu zina zapadera, kusankha kwa njirayo kuyenera kupangidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kazinthu ndi kamangidwe kamodzi.
Kusankha Mwachindunji Njira Yobweretsera Gasi Woteteza
1. Wowotcherera wolunjika
Ngati chowotcherera cha chinthucho chili chowongoka, monga momwe chikuwonetsedwera mu Chithunzi 3, ndipo kasinthidwe kophatikizana kumaphatikizapo zolumikizira matako, zolumikizira m'chiuno, zowotcherera, kapena zowotcherera, njira yomwe imakonda pamtundu woterewu ndi njira yowombera mbali ya mbali yomwe ikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 1.
Chithunzi 3: Wowotcherera Mzere Wowongoka
2. Planar Enclosed Geometry Weld
Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 4, weld mu mtundu uwu wa mankhwala ali ndi mawonekedwe otsekedwa opangidwa, monga mawonekedwe ozungulira, a polygonal, kapena amitundu yambiri. Kukonzekera kophatikizana kungaphatikizepo mafupa a matako, ma lap joints, kapena stack welds. Pazinthu zamtunduwu, njira yomwe imakonda ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotchinga wa coaxial womwe wawonetsedwa pachithunzi 2.
Chithunzi 4: Planar Enclosed Geometry Weld
Kusankhidwa kwa gasi wotchingira ma welds otsekeka a geometry kumakhudza mwachindunji mtundu, magwiridwe antchito, komanso mtengo wopangira kuwotcherera. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kwa zida zowotcherera, kusankha kwa gasi wowotcherera kumakhala kovuta munjira zenizeni zowotcherera. Pamafunika kulingalira mozama za zida zowotcherera, njira zowotcherera, malo owotcherera, ndi zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Kusankhidwa kwa mpweya wabwino kwambiri wowotcherera kungadziwike mwa kuyesa kuwotcherera kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zowotcherera.
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FAQs
- Mu kuwotcherera kwa laser, kutchingira mpweya ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza malo owotcherera kuti asaipitsidwe ndi mlengalenga. Mtengo wapamwamba wa laser womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mumtundu uwu wa kuwotcherera umatulutsa kutentha kwakukulu, kupanga dziwe losungunuka lachitsulo.
Mpweya wa inert nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza dziwe losungunuka panthawi yowotcherera makina a laser kuwotcherera. Zida zina zikamatenthedwa, makutidwe ndi okosijeni a pamwamba sangaganizidwe. Komabe, pazinthu zambiri, helium, argon, nitrogen, ndi mpweya wina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitetezo. Zotsatirazi Tiyeni tione chifukwa makina kuwotcherera laser ayenera kutchinga mpweya pamene kuwotcherera.
Mu kuwotcherera kwa laser, mpweya wotchinga umakhudza mawonekedwe a weld, mtundu wa weld, kulowa kwa weld, ndi m'lifupi mwake. Nthawi zambiri, kuwomba gasi wotchinga kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa weld.
- Zosakaniza za Argon-HeliumZosakaniza za Argon-Helium: Zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito zambiri za aluminiyamu zowotcherera kutengera mphamvu ya laser. Zosakaniza za Argon-Oxygen: zimatha kupereka mphamvu zambiri komanso zovomerezeka zowotcherera.
- Mipweya yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma lasers a gasi ndi awa: carbon dioxide (CO2), helium-neon (H ndi Ne), ndi nitrogen (N).
Mafunso aliwonse okhudza Kuwotcherera M'manja Laser?
Nthawi yotumiza: May-19-2023