Mphamvu ya Gasi Woteteza mu Kuwotcherera kwa Laser
Zomwe zili:
Kodi Gasi Woteteza Woyenera Angakuthandizeni Bwanji?
IKuwotcherera pogwiritsa ntchito laser, kusankha mpweya woteteza kumatha kukhudza kwambiri kapangidwe, ubwino, kuya, ndi m'lifupi mwa msoko wowotcherera.
Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya woteteza kumakhudza bwino msoko wosungunula pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mpweya woteteza kumatha kuwononga kwambiri kuwotcherera.
Zotsatira zoyenera komanso zosayenera zogwiritsa ntchito mpweya woteteza ndi izi:
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Moyenera
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Molakwika
1. Chitetezo Chogwira Mtima cha Dziwe Losefedwa
Kukhazikitsa bwino mpweya woteteza kumatha kuteteza bwino dziwe losungunula kuti lisawonongeke kapena kuletsa kuwonongeka kwathunthu.
1. Kuwonongeka kwa Msoko Wothira
Kusagwiritsa ntchito bwino mpweya woteteza kungayambitse kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa msoko wothira zitsulo.
2. Kuchepetsa Kutaya Madzi
Kuyika mpweya woteteza bwino kungathandize kuchepetsa kutayikira kwa madzi panthawi yolumikiza.
2. Kusweka ndi Kuchepetsa Katundu wa Makina
Kusankha mtundu wolakwika wa gasi kungayambitse kusweka kwa msoko wothira weld komanso kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito a makina.
3. Kupangidwa Kofanana kwa Msoko Wothira
Kuyika bwino mpweya woteteza kumathandiza kuti dziwe losungunula lifalikire mofanana panthawi yolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti msoko wosungunula ukhale wofanana komanso wokongola.
3. Kuchuluka kwa Oxidation kapena Kusokoneza
Kusankha mpweya wolakwika, kaya wokwera kwambiri kapena wotsika kwambiri, kungayambitse kukhuthala kwa msoko wothira. Kungayambitsenso kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa chitsulo chosungunuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti msoko wothira ugwe kapena kupangika kosagwirizana kwa msoko wothira.
4. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Laser Mowonjezereka
Kuyika mpweya woteteza molondola kungachepetse bwino mphamvu yoteteza ya nthunzi yachitsulo kapena mitambo ya plasma pa laser, motero kumawonjezera mphamvu ya laser.
4. Chitetezo Chosakwanira kapena Zotsatira Zoyipa
Kusankha njira yolakwika yolowetsa mpweya kungayambitse chitetezo chokwanira cha msoko wothira weld kapena kusokoneza mapangidwe a msoko wothira weld.
5. Kuchepetsa Kutupa kwa Weld
Kuyika mpweya woteteza bwino kungachepetse bwino mapangidwe a ma pores a mpweya mu msoko wa weld. Mwa kusankha mtundu woyenera wa mpweya, kuchuluka kwa madzi, ndi njira yoyambira, zotsatira zabwino zitha kupezeka.
5. Mphamvu pa Kuzama kwa Weld
Kuyambitsa mpweya woteteza kumatha kukhudza kuya kwa weld, makamaka pakuwotcherera mbale zopyapyala, komwe kumachepetsa kuya kwa weld.
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Mpweya Woteteza
Mpweya woteteza womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri powotcherera ndi laser ndi nayitrogeni (N2), argon (Ar), ndi helium (He). Mpweya uwu uli ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zakuthupi ndi zamakemikolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zosiyanasiyana pa msoko wowotcherera.
1. Nayitrogeni (N2)
N2 ili ndi mphamvu yapakati ya ionization, yokwera kuposa Ar komanso yotsika kuposa He. Pogwiritsa ntchito laser, imayamwa pang'ono, zomwe zimachepetsa bwino mapangidwe a mitambo ya plasma ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito kwa laser. Komabe, nayitrogeni imatha kuchita mankhwala ndi aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo cha kaboni pa kutentha kwina, ndikupanga ma nitride. Izi zitha kuwonjezera kufooka ndikuchepetsa kulimba kwa weld seam, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri mawonekedwe ake amakaniko. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni ngati mpweya woteteza ma alloy a aluminiyamu ndi ma weld achitsulo cha kaboni sikuvomerezeka. Kumbali inayi, nayitrogeni imatha kuchita ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndikupanga ma nitride omwe amawonjezera mphamvu ya weld. Chifukwa chake, nayitrogeni ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mpweya woteteza pakuwotcherera chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
2. Gasi wa Argon (Ar)
Mpweya wa Argon uli ndi mphamvu yotsika kwambiri ya ionization, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ionization ikhale yokwera kwambiri pansi pa laser action. Izi sizoyenera kuwongolera mapangidwe a mitambo ya plasma ndipo zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino ma laser. Komabe, argon ili ndi reactivity yochepa kwambiri ndipo sizingachitike ndi mankhwala ndi zitsulo wamba. Kuphatikiza apo, argon ndi yotsika mtengo. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwakukulu, argon imamira pamwamba pa dziwe losungunula, zomwe zimateteza bwino dziwe losungunula. Chifukwa chake, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mpweya wamba woteteza.
3. Mpweya wa Helium (He)
Mpweya wa helium uli ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya ionization, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ionization ikhale yochepa kwambiri pansi pa laser action. Umalola kuti plasma cloud formation iyambe bwino, ndipo ma laser amatha kuyanjana bwino ndi zitsulo. Kuphatikiza apo, helium ili ndi reactivity yochepa kwambiri ndipo sichita zinthu mwachangu ndi zitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale mpweya wabwino kwambiri woteteza weld. Komabe, mtengo wa helium ndi wokwera, kotero nthawi zambiri sugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zambiri. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu kafukufuku wasayansi kapena pazinthu zamtengo wapatali.
Njira Ziwiri Zogwiritsira Ntchito Mpweya Woteteza
Pakadali pano, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zoyambitsira mpweya woteteza: mpweya woteteza mbali ya off-axis ndi mpweya woteteza wa coaxial, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 1 ndi Chithunzi 2, motsatana.
Chithunzi 1: Mpweya Woteteza Mbali Wopanda Mzere
Chithunzi 2: Mpweya Woteteza wa Coaxial
Kusankha pakati pa njira ziwiri zopukutira kumadalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Kawirikawiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopukutira mpweya pogwiritsa ntchito mbali ya off-axis.
Kodi Mungasankhe Bwanji Mpweya Woteteza?
Choyamba, ndikofunikira kufotokoza bwino kuti mawu oti "oxidation" a welds ndi mawu ogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. M'malingaliro, amatanthauza kuwonongeka kwa ubwino wa weld chifukwa cha zochita za mankhwala pakati pa chitsulo chosungunula ndi zinthu zovulaza mumlengalenga, monga mpweya, nayitrogeni, ndi haidrojeni.
Kuletsa kukhuthala kwa weld kumaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kapena kupewa kukhudzana pakati pa zinthu zovulaza izi ndi chitsulo chotenthetsera kutentha kwambiri. Kutentha kwakukulu kumeneku sikungophatikizapo chitsulo chosungunuka cha weld pool komanso nthawi yonse kuyambira pamene chitsulo chotenthetsera chisungunuka mpaka dziwe litauma ndipo kutentha kwake kumatsika pansi pa malire enaake.
Njira Yowotcherera
Mwachitsanzo, polumikiza titaniyamu, kutentha kukapitirira 300°C, kuyamwa kwa hydrogen mwachangu kumachitika; pamwamba pa 450°C, kuyamwa kwa okosijeni mwachangu kumachitika; ndipo pamwamba pa 600°C, kuyamwa kwa nayitrogeni mwachangu kumachitika.
Chifukwa chake, chitetezo chogwira ntchito chikufunika pa weld ya titanium alloy panthawi yomwe imauma ndipo kutentha kwake kumatsika pansi pa 300°C kuti tipewe okosijeni. Kutengera ndi kufotokozera pamwambapa, n'zoonekeratu kuti mpweya woteteza womwe umawombedwa uyenera kupereka chitetezo osati ku dziwe losungunula panthawi yoyenera komanso kudera lomwe lili lolimba la weld. Chifukwa chake, njira yopukutira mbali ya off-axis yomwe yawonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 1 nthawi zambiri imakondedwa chifukwa imapereka chitetezo chochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi njira yopukutira ya coaxial yomwe yawonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 2, makamaka kudera lomwe lili lolimba la weld.
Komabe, pa zinthu zinazake, njira yosankha iyenera kusankhidwa kutengera kapangidwe ka chinthucho ndi kapangidwe kake.
Kusankha Kwapadera kwa Njira Yoyambitsa Mpweya Woteteza
1. Cholukizira cholunjika
Ngati mawonekedwe a chinthucho ndi olunjika, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 3, ndipo mawonekedwe a cholumikiziracho akuphatikizapo ma butt joints, lap joints, fillet welds, kapena stack welds, njira yabwino kwambiri yamtunduwu wa chinthu ndi njira yopukutira mbali ya off-axis yomwe yawonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 1.
Chithunzi 3: Kulukana kwa mzere wowongoka
2. Chophimba cha Jiometri Chozungulira Chozungulira
Monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 4, weld mu mtundu uwu wa chinthu ili ndi mawonekedwe otsekedwa, monga mawonekedwe ozungulira, a polygonal, kapena amitundu yambiri. Mapangidwe a ma joints amatha kuphatikizapo ma butt joints, ma lap joints, kapena ma stack welds. Pa mtundu uwu wa chinthu, njira yabwino kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito coaxial shielding gas yomwe yawonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 2.
Chithunzi 4: Chophimba cha Planar Enclosed Geometry
Kusankha mpweya woteteza ma weld ozungulira omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana kumakhudza mwachindunji ubwino, magwiridwe antchito, komanso mtengo wopangira weld. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kwa zipangizo zowotcherera, kusankha mpweya wowotcherera kumakhala kovuta munjira zenizeni zowotcherera. Kumafuna kuganizira mozama za zipangizo zowotcherera, njira zowotcherera, malo owotcherera, ndi zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Kusankha mpweya woyenera kwambiri wowotcherera kumatha kudziwika kudzera mu mayeso owotcherera kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zowotcherera.
Kuwonetsera Kanema | Kuyang'ana Kwambiri Kuwotcherera Laser Yogwiritsidwa Ntchito Pamanja
Dziwani Zambiri Zokhudza Chowotcherera cha Laser Chogwiritsidwa Ntchito Pamanja
Vidiyoyi ikufotokoza zomwe makina owetera laser ndi chiyanimalangizo ndi kapangidwe kake komwe muyenera kudziwa.
Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera malangizo musanagule chowotcherera cha laser chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi manja.
Pali zinthu zoyambira za Makina Owetera a Laser a 1000W 1500w 2000w.
Kuwotcherera kwa Laser Kosiyanasiyana pa Zofunikira Zosiyanasiyana
Mu kanemayu, tikuwonetsa njira zingapo zowotcherera zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi chowotcherera cha laser chogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja. Chowotcherera cha laser chogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja chingathe kufananiza bwalo pakati pa wowotcherera watsopano ndi wodziwa bwino ntchito yowotcherera makina.
Timapereka njira kuyambira 500w mpaka 3000w.
Chowotcherera cha Laser Chogwiritsidwa Ntchito Pamanja Cholimbikitsidwa
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
- Pakuwotcherera ndi laser, mpweya woteteza ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza malo owotcherera ku kuipitsidwa ndi mlengalenga. Mtambo wa laser wamphamvu kwambiri womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera wamtunduwu umapanga kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa dziwe losungunuka lachitsulo.
Mpweya wosagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza dziwe losungunuka panthawi yowotcherera makina owotcherera a laser. Zinthu zina zikawotcherera, kusungunuka kwa pamwamba sikungaganiziridwe. Komabe, pazinthu zambiri, helium, argon, nayitrogeni, ndi mpweya wina nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitetezo. Zotsatirazi Tiyeni tiwone chifukwa chake makina owotcherera a laser amafunika mpweya woteteza akawotcherera.
Pakuwotcherera ndi laser, mpweya woteteza umakhudza mawonekedwe a weld, mtundu wa weld, kulowa kwa weld, ndi kukula kwa fusion. Nthawi zambiri, kupopera mpweya woteteza kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa weld.
- Zosakaniza za Argon-HeliumZosakaniza za Argon-Helium: nthawi zambiri zimalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zowotcherera za laser ya aluminiyamu kutengera mphamvu ya laser. Zosakaniza za Argon-Oxygen: zimatha kupereka ntchito yabwino kwambiri komanso mtundu wovomerezeka wa kuwotcherera.
- Mpweya womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma laser a gas ndi awa: carbon dioxide (CO2), helium-neon (H ndi Ne), ndi nayitrogeni (N).
Kodi muli ndi mafunso okhudza kuwotcherera kwa laser pogwiritsa ntchito manja?
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-19-2023