Ukuwelda ngeLaser yindlela echanekileyo nesebenzayo yokudibanisa izixhobo
Ngamafutshane, ukuwelda nge-laser kunika iziphumo ezikhawulezayo nezisemgangathweni ophezulu kunye nokuphazamiseka okuncinci.
Iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nezinto ezahlukeneyo kwaye ingenziwa ngokweemfuno ezithile zesicelo ngasinye.
Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zokuwelda nge-laser kukuba isebenziseka lula.
Ingasetyenziselwa ukushisela kungekuphela nje iintsimbi ezifana ne-aluminium, ubhedu, kunye nentsimbi engagqwaliyo kodwa kunye nezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo.
Kubandakanya iithermoplastics ezithile, iiglasi, kunye nezinto ezidityanisiweyo.
Oku kuyenza ibe luncedo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ukusuka ekuvelisweni kweemoto ukuya kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki kwanakwimveliso yezixhobo zonyango.
Yintoni iLaser Welding? [Icandelo lesi-2]
Ukubonakaliswa kwekamva eliphambili
Ukuwelda nge-laser bubuchwepheshe obuphambili obusebenzisa umqadi we-laser onamandla aphezulu ukudibanisa ngokuchanekileyo izinto, ngokuqhelekileyo iintsimbi, ngokuzinyibilikisa kwindawo ezidibana ngayo.
Le nkqubo idala umanyano oluqinileyo noluhlala ixesha elide olunenguquko encinci xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zemveli zokuwelda.
Iyakhawuleza, isebenza kakuhle, kwaye inako ukuvelisa iziphumo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu.
Intliziyo Yokuwelda Nge-Laser
Eyona nto iphambili ekudibaniseni nge-laser yilaser beam ngokwayo, evelisa ubushushu obukhulu.
Xa i-laser igxile kumphezulu wesinyithi, iyanyibilikisa loo nto, yenze ichibi elincinci elinyibilikisiweyo.
Eli chibi liqina ngokukhawuleza, ngesiqhelo ngaphakathi kwee-millisecond, xa i-laser isuka, nto leyo ebangela unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi kwamalungu.
Le nkqubo ilawulwa kakhulu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ziindawo ezidityaniswayo kuphela ezichaphazelekayo, nto leyo eshiya ezinye izinto zingachaphazeleki kangako.
Ukuqonda ukuWelda ngeLaser
Indlela elula yokuqonda ukuwelda nge-laser kukucinga ngeglasi ekhulisayo ejolise imisebe yelanga kwindawo encinci.
Kanye njengokuba ukukhanya okujolisiweyo kunokunyibilikisa iphepha, umqadi welaser ugxila amandla amakhulu kumphezulu wesinyithi.
Okubangela ukuba inyibilike, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ide inyibilike.
Ubuninzi bamandla be-Laser Beam Welding
Amandla e-laser alinganiswa ngokwemilinganiselo yobuninzi bamandla.
Oku kuphezulu kakhulu—kufikelela kwizigidi zeewatts ngesentimitha yesikwere.
Okukhona amandla e-laser emaninzi, kokukhona inkqubo yokuwelda ikhawuleza, kwaye kokukhona ubushushu bunokungena nzulu kwizinto.
Nangona kunjalo, amandla aphezulu elaser anyusa iindleko zezixhobo.
Ukwenza kube yinto ebalulekileyo xa kujongwa iindleko zizonke zomatshini.
Utsha kwiLaser Welding kunye neHandheld Laser Welding?
Singanceda!
Kutheni i-Fiber Laser iyeyona ilungileyo kwi-Laser Welding?
Ukuchaza Ezinye Iintlobo Eziqhelekileyo ZeeLaser KwiLaser Welding
Uhlobo ngalunye lwelaser lunamandla kunye nobuthathaka balo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba lufaneleke kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda ngelaser.
Iilaser zefayibha zezona zisebenziseka lula kwaye zisebenza kakuhle, ingakumbi ekudibaniseni isinyithi.
Nangona iilaser ze-CO2 ziluncedo kwizinto zokusebenza ezijikelezayo kodwa zifuna ukulungiswa okungakumbi.
Iilaser ze-Nd:YAG zilungele imisebenzi ethile efana nokulungiswa kwesikhunta, kodwa ukusebenza kwazo kakuhle kwamandla kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokulungisa zinokubangela ukuba kube nzima.
Okokugqibela, ii-diode lasers zibonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kodwa azisebenzi kakuhle xa kufuneka ukuchaneka okuphezulu.
Ukuwelda kweFiber Laser: Eyona idumileyo kwaye iqinisekisiweyo
Iilaser zefayibha okwangoku zezona teknoloji zidumileyo neziqinisekisiweyo zokuwelda ngelaser.
Ziyaziwa ngokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, malunga ne-30%.
Oku kunceda ekulawuleni ngcono ubushushu kunye neendleko zokusebenza eziphantsi.
Ubude be-infrared obukhutshwa yi-fiber lasers bufunxwa kakuhle zisinyithi ezininzi.
Ukubenza basebenze kakhulu kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokuwelda.
Enye yezona nzuzo zinkulu zee-fiber lasers kukukwazi kwazo ukuvelisa nokukhokela umqadi we-laser ngentambo ye-fiber optic.
Oku kuvumela umgangatho ophezulu wemitha, ukuchaneka okwandisiweyo, kunye noxinano olukhulu lwamandla, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungeneni kakuhle kobunzulu xa kudityaniswa.
Ukongeza, ii-fiber lasers azisebenzisi kakhulu izinto ezisetyenziswayo, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko zokulungisa kunye nobunzima.
Zinokudityaniswa ngokulula neerobhothi okanye oomatshini be-CNC, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe nobuchule kakhulu kwiindawo zoshishino.
Enye inzuzo kukuba akukho mda kumandla e-fiber lasers, nto leyo evumela ukuwelda okuphezulu nokuba kukwizinto ezixineneyo.
I-CO2 Laser: Ilungele usetyenziso oluthile
Iilaser ze-CO2 yayiluhlobo lokuqala lwelaser olusetyenziselwa ukuwelda nge-laser yemizi-mveliso kwaye lusasetyenziswa nakwezinye iinkqubo.
Ezi lasers zikhupha umqadi welaser osekelwe kwigesi ongenakukhokelelwa kwi-fiber optics.
Oku kubangela ukuba umgangatho wemitha uphantsi xa kuthelekiswa ne-fiber lasers.
Oku kwenza zingachaneki kangako kwezinye izicelo zokuwelda.
Iilaser ze-CO2 zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuwelda izinto zokusebenza ezijikelezayo kuba ilaser inokumiselwa kwindawo yayo ngelixa izinto zokusebenza zijikeleza.
Nangona kunjalo, zifuna ukulungiswa ngakumbi ngenxa yesidingo esiqhelekileyo sezinto ezisetyenziswayo ezifana nezipili kunye neegesi.
Njengoko umlinganiselo wokusebenza kwamandla umalunga ne-20%, ii-laser ze-CO2 azisebenzisi amandla kakuhle njengee-laser zefayibha.
Oku kuphumela ekubeni iindleko zokusebenza ziphakame.
I-Nd:YAG Laser: Ingqinwe Ngemida
Iilaser ze-Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) zibubuchwepheshe obuqinisekisiweyo bokuwelda nge-laser
Kodwa ziza nemida ethile.
Banokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi, ngesiqhelo malunga ne-5%.
Oku kukhokelela kwimiba yolawulo lobushushu kunye neendleko zokusebenza eziphezulu.
Enye yamandla e-Nd:YAG lasers kukukwazi kwazo ukukhokela umqadi we-laser kusetyenziswa i-fiber optics, nto leyo ephucula umgangatho womqadi.
Nangona kunjalo, kusenzima ukujolisa umqadi welaser kwindawo encinci, nto leyo ethintela ukuchaneka kwawo kwezinye iinkqubo.
Iilaser ze-Nd:YAG zihlala zisetyenziselwa imisebenzi ethile efana nokulungiswa kwesikhunta, apho ukugxila okukhulu kwamkelekile.
Zikwaneendleko eziphezulu zokulungisa, njengoko izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezifana nezipili kunye nezibane zifuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo.
I-Diode Laser: Kunzima ukuyigxila ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi weBeam
Iilaser zediode ziya zixhaphaka kakhulu kwiindawo ezifuna amandla aneleyo (malunga ne-40%).
Oku kusebenza kakuhle kukhokelela ekulawuleni ubushushu okungcono kunye neendleko zokusebenza eziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo ze-laser.
Nangona kunjalo, enye yezona ngxaki ziphambili zee-diode lasers kukuba umgangatho wazo wemitha awukho semgangathweni.
Oku kwenza kube nzima ukujolisa i-laser kwindawo encinci.
Oku kunciphisa ukuchaneka kwazo kwezinye izicelo zokuwelda.
Nangona kunjalo, ii-diode lasers zisaluncedo kwizinto ezithile, ngakumbi iiplastiki, kwaye zingasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezo zicelo.
Ngaba ufuna ukuqala ngomatshini wokuwelda we-fiber laser ophathwayo?
Ukuwelda kweLaser yoMngxuma weKeyhole kunye neKeyhole
Ukuqonda Indlela Eqhelekileyo Yokuwelda
Ukuwelda nge-laser kunokwahlulwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: ukuwelda ngokuhambisa kunye nokuwelda nge-keyhole.
Ezi nkqubo zimbini zahlukile kwindlela i-laser esebenzisana ngayo nezinto kunye neziphumo ezizivelisayo.
Umahluko oPhambili
Umgangatho wokuWelda
Ukuwelda ngokuhambisa umoya kudla ngokuvelisa iziphumo ezicocekileyo ngokusasaza okuncinci kunye neziphene ezimbalwa, ngelixa ukuwelda ngomngxuma wesitshixo kunokubangela ukusasazeka okungakumbi, ukuvuleka, kunye nendawo enkulu echaphazeleka bubushushu.
Ukusasazwa kobushushu beWelding
Ukuwelda kokuqhuba kusasaza ubushushu ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke iindlela, ngelixa ukuwelda kwe-keyhole kugxile kubushushu kwicala elimxinwa, elithe nkqo, okukhokelela ekungeneni okunzulu.
Isantya sokuWelda
Ukuwelda kwe-Keyhole kukhawuleza, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kwimveliso ephezulu, ngelixa ukuwelda kokuqhuba kuhamba kancinci kodwa kunika ukuchaneka okungakumbi.
Ukuwelda kokuqhuba
Ukuwelda nge-conduction yinkqubo ethambileyo necothayo. Ngale ndlela, umqadi welaser unyibilikisa umphezulu wesinyithi.
Ukwenza isinyithi sifikelele kubushushu baso bokudibana (indawo apho sijika sibe lulwelo).
Kodwa ungadluli apho uye kubushushu bokufuma (apho isinyithi siya kujika sibe yigesi).
Ubushushu busasazwa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke into, oko kuthetha ukuba ukudluliselwa kobushushu kwenzeka kuzo zonke iindlela ngaphakathi kwesinyithi.
Ngenxa yokuba ukuwelda kokuqhuba kunyibilikisa izinto kancinci kancinci, kuvelisa iziphumo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Oku kuquka ukutshiza okuncinci (amathontsi amancinci ezinto ezinyibilikisiweyo ezinokuphuma ngexesha lokudityaniswa) kunye nomsi ophantsi, nto leyo eyenza inkqubo icoceke.
Nangona kunjalo, kuba icotha, ukuwelda kokuqhuba kudla ngokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezifuna ukuchaneka kunye nokuhambelana okusemgangathweni endaweni yesantya.
Ukuwelda kweMingxunya yeKeyhole
Kwelinye icala, ukuwelda ngemingxunya yesitshixo yinkqubo ekhawulezayo nenamandla ngakumbi.
Ngale ndlela, umqadi welaser uyanyibilika kwaye utshise isinyithi, nto leyo eyenza umngxuma omncinci, onzulu okanye isitshixo kwizinto.
Ubushushu obukhulu be-laser bubangela ukuba isinyithi sifikelele kubushushu baso bokudibana kunye nobushushu bokuphefumla.
Elinye ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo lijika libe yigesi.
Ngenxa yokuba izinto ziyaphehlwa, ubushushu budluliselwa ngokuthe nkqo kwi-laser beam, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ichibi lokuwelda libe nzulu, lincinci.
Le nkqubo ikhawuleza kakhulu kune-conduction welding, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ilungele imigca yemveliso enomthamo omkhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu obukhawulezayo nobunamandla bunokubangela ukuchitheka, kwaye ukunyibilika okukhawulezayo kunokukhokelela kwimibhobho (amaqamza amancinci egesi abanjwe ngaphakathi kwi-weld).
Kwaye indawo enkulu echaphazeleka bubushushu (HAZ) (indawo ejikeleze i-weld eguqulwa bubushushu).
Ufuna ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo yokuwelda
Ngesicelo sakho kunye neShishini lakho?
Ukusuka kwiividiyo ezinomtsalane ukuya kumanqaku anika ulwazi
Ukuwelda kweTIG vs. Ukuwelda kweLaser: Yeyiphi engcono?
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-25-2024