Impembelelo yeGesi eKhuselayo kwiLaser Welding
Umxholo:
Yintoni enokukunceda ufumane igesi ekhuselayo efanelekileyo?
IXa kudityaniswa i-laser welding, ukhetho lwegesi ekhuselayo lunokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekwakhiweni, kumgangatho, kubunzulu, nakububanzi bomthungo we-weld.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukungeniswa kwegesi ekhuselayo kunefuthe elihle kumthungo we-weld ngelixa ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kwegesi ekhuselayo kunokuba nefuthe elibi ekudibaniseni.
Iziphumo ezifanelekileyo nezingafanelekanga zokusebenzisa igesi ekhuselayo zezi zilandelayo:
Ukusetyenziswa Ngokufanelekileyo
Ukusetyenziswa okungafanelekanga
1. Ukhuseleko Olusebenzayo Lwedama Lokunyibilikisa
Ukufakwa kakuhle kwegesi ekhuselayo kunokukhusela ichibi lokuwelda ngempumelelo kwi-oxidation okanye kuthintele i-oxidation ngokupheleleyo.
1. Ukuwohloka koMthungo weWeld
Ukungeniswa okungafanelekanga kwegesi ekhuselayo kunokubangela umgangatho ophantsi womthungo we-weld.
2. Ukunciphisa ukusasazeka
Ukungenisa ngokuchanekileyo igesi ekhuselayo kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukusasazeka ngexesha lenkqubo yokuwelda.
2. Iipropati zoomatshini eziqhekekayo nezinciphileyo
Ukukhetha uhlobo olungalunganga lwegesi kunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni komthungo we-welding kunye nokwehla kokusebenza koomatshini.
3. Ukwakheka okufanayo komthungo we-Weld
Ukufakwa ngokufanelekileyo kwegesi ekhuselayo kukhuthaza ukusasazeka ngokulinganayo kwedama lokuwelda ngexesha lokuqina, nto leyo ephumela kumthungo wokuwelda ofanayo nomhle ngendlela ekhangayo.
3. Ukwanda kwe-Oxidation okanye ukuphazamiseka
Ukukhetha isantya sokuhamba kwegesi esingalunganga, nokuba siphezulu kakhulu okanye siphantsi kakhulu, kunokukhokelela ekwandeni kwe-oxidation yomthungo we-weld. Kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwisinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, okubangela ukuwohloka okanye ukwakheka okungalinganiyo komthungo we-weld.
4. Ukusetyenziswa Okungakumbi Kwelaser
Ukungenisa ngokuchanekileyo igesi ekhuselayo kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo isiphumo sokukhusela seeplume zomphunga wesinyithi okanye amafu eplasma kwilaser, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwelaser.
4. Ukhuseleko olunganelanga okanye impembelelo embi
Ukukhetha indlela engafanelekanga yokungenisa igesi kunokukhokelela ekukhuselekeni okwaneleyo komthungo we-weld okanye kube nefuthe elibi ekwakhiweni komthungo we-weld.
5. Ukunciphisa i-Weld Porosity
Ukungenisa ngokuchanekileyo igesi ekhuselayo kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukwakheka kwemingxuma yegesi kumthungo we-weld. Ngokukhetha uhlobo lwegesi olufanelekileyo, isantya sokuhamba, kunye nendlela yokungenisa, iziphumo ezilungileyo zinokufumaneka.
5. Impembelelo kubunzulu beWeld
Ukungeniswa kwegesi ekhuselayo kunokuba nefuthe elithile kubunzulu be-weld, ingakumbi kwi-thin plate welding, apho idla ngokunciphisa ubunzulu be-weld.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zegesi ekhuselayo
Iigesi ezikhuselayo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-laser welding yi-nitrogen (N2), i-argon (Ar), kunye ne-helium (He). Ezi gesi zineempawu ezahlukeneyo zomzimba nezekhemikhali, nto leyo ebangela iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kumthungo we-weld.
1. I-nitrogen (N2)
I-N2 inamandla e-ionization aphakathi, aphezulu kune-Ar kwaye angaphantsi kune-He. Phantsi kwesenzo se-laser, iyayi-ion ukuya kwinqanaba eliphakathi, inciphisa ngempumelelo ukwakheka kwamafu e-plasma kwaye inyuse ukusetyenziswa kwe-laser. Nangona kunjalo, i-nitrogen inokusabela ngokweekhemikhali kunye nee-aluminium alloys kunye ne-carbon steel kumaqondo athile obushushu, yenze ii-nitrides. Oku kunokunyusa ukubuthathaka kunye nokunciphisa ukuqina komthungo we-weld, okuchaphazela kakubi iimpawu zayo zoomatshini. Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen njengegesi yokukhusela kwii-aluminium alloys kunye nee-carbon steel welds akukhuthazwa. Kwelinye icala, i-nitrogen inokusabela kwi-stainless steel, yenze ii-nitrides ezonyusa amandla e-weld joint. Ke ngoko, i-nitrogen ingasetyenziswa njengegesi yokukhusela ekudibaniseni intsimbi engagqwali.
2. Igesi yeArgon (Ar)
Igesi ye-Argon inamandla aphantsi kakhulu e-ionization, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-ionization ibe phezulu xa isetyenziswa yi-laser. Oku akulunganga ekulawuleni ukwakheka kwamafu e-plasma kwaye kunokuba nefuthe elithile ekusetyenzisweni kakuhle kwee-laser. Nangona kunjalo, i-argon ine-reactivity ephantsi kakhulu kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba ifumane iimpembelelo zeekhemikhali kunye neentsimbi eziqhelekileyo. Ukongeza, i-argon ixabisa kancinci. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yoxinano lwayo oluphezulu, i-argon iyatshona ngaphezulu kwedama lokuwelda, inika ukhuseleko olungcono kwidama lokuwelda. Ke ngoko, ingasetyenziswa njengegesi yokukhusela eqhelekileyo.
3. Igesi yeHelium (He)
Igesi yeHelium inamandla aphezulu e-ionization, nto leyo ekhokelela kwinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu le-ionization phantsi kwesenzo se-laser. Ivumela ulawulo olungcono lokwakheka kwelifu le-plasma, kwaye ii-laser zinokusebenzisana ngempumelelo neesinyithi. Ngaphezu koko, i-helium ine-reactivity ephantsi kakhulu kwaye ayingeni lula kwiimpendulo zeekhemikhali kunye neesinyithi, nto leyo eyenza ibe yigesi efanelekileyo yokukhusela i-weld. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso le-helium liphezulu, ngoko ke ngokubanzi ayisetyenziswa kwimveliso enkulu yeemveliso. Isetyenziswa rhoqo kuphando lwesayensi okanye kwiimveliso ezinexabiso eliphezulu.
Iindlela ezimbini zokusebenzisa igesi ekhuselayo
Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokungenisa igesi yokukhusela: ukuvuthela ecaleni kwe-off-axis kunye negesi yokukhusela ye-coaxial, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1 kunye noMfanekiso 2, ngokulandelelana.
Umfanekiso 1: Igesi yokukhusela ecaleni evuthela ecaleni engasebenzi kakuhle
Umfanekiso 2: Igesi yokukhusela i-Coaxial
Ukukhetha phakathi kweendlela ezimbini zokuvuthela kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokubanzi, kuyacetyiswa ukusebenzisa indlela yokuvuthela ecaleni engaphandle kwe-axis ukuthintela igesi.
Ungayikhetha njani igesi ekhuselayo efanelekileyo?
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba igama elithi "oxidation" lee-welds ligama elisetyenziswa rhoqo. Ngokwethiyori, libhekisa ekuwohlokeni komgangatho we-weld ngenxa yeempembelelo zeekhemikhali phakathi kwesinyithi se-weld kunye nezinto ezinobungozi emoyeni, ezifana ne-oxygen, i-nitrogen, kunye ne-hydrogen.
Ukuthintela i-weld oxidation kubandakanya ukunciphisa okanye ukuphepha ukudibana phakathi kwezi zinto zinobungozi kunye ne-weld metal enobushushu obuphezulu. Le meko yobushushu obuphezulu ayibandakanyi nje kuphela i-weld pool metal enyibilikisiweyo kodwa ikwabandakanya lonke ixesha ukususela xa i-weld metal inyibilikisiwe de ichibi liqine kwaye ubushushu balo behle ngaphantsi komda othile.
Inkqubo yokuWelda
Umzekelo, xa kudityaniswa i-titanium alloys, xa ubushushu bungaphezulu kwama-300°C, kufumaneka i-hydrogen ngokukhawuleza; ngaphezulu kwama-450°C, kufumaneka i-oxygen ngokukhawuleza; kwaye ngaphezulu kwama-600°C, kufumaneka i-nitrogen ngokukhawuleza.
Ke ngoko, kufuneka ukhuseleko olusebenzayo kwi-titanium alloy weld ngexesha lesigaba xa iqina kwaye ubushushu bayo behla ngaphantsi kwama-300°C ukuthintela i-oxidation. Ngokusekelwe kwinkcazo engentla, kuyacaca ukuba igesi yokukhusela evuthelweyo kufuneka inike ukhuseleko kungekuphela nje kwi-weld pool ngexesha elifanelekileyo kodwa nakwindawo eqinisiweyo ye-weld. Ngenxa yoko, indlela yokuvuthela ecaleni engaphandle kwe-axis eboniswe kuMfanekiso 1 ikhethwa ngokubanzi kuba inika uluhlu olubanzi lokhuseleko xa kuthelekiswa nendlela yokukhusela ye-coaxial eboniswe kuMfanekiso 2, ngakumbi kwindawo eqinisiweyo ye-weld.
Nangona kunjalo, kwiimveliso ezithile ezithile, ukhetho lwendlela kufuneka lwenziwe ngokusekelwe kwisakhiwo semveliso kunye nolwakhiwo oludibeneyo.
Ukhetho oluthile lwendlela yokungenisa igesi ekhuselayo
1. Ukuwelda komgca othe tye
Ukuba imilo ye-weld yemveliso ithe tye, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 3, kwaye ulwakhiwo lwejoyinti luquka amajoyinti e-butt, amajoyinti e-lap, ama-fillet welds, okanye ama-stack welds, indlela ekhethwayo yolu hlobo lwemveliso yindlela yokuvuthela ecaleni engaphandle kwe-axis eboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.
Umfanekiso 3: Ukuwelda komgca othe tye
2. I-Planar Enclosed Geometry Weld
Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 4, i-weld kolu hlobo lwemveliso inomfanekiso ovaliweyo, njengomfanekiso womgca ojikelezayo, we-polygonal, okanye we-multi-segment. Ulwakhiwo lwamalungu lungabandakanya amalungu e-butt, amalungu e-lap, okanye i-stack welds. Kolu hlobo lwemveliso, indlela ekhethwayo kukusebenzisa i-coaxial shielding gas eboniswe kuMfanekiso 2.
Umfanekiso 4: I-Planar Enclosed Geometry Weld
Ukukhethwa kwegesi yokukhusela kwii-planar enclosed geometry welds kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye neendleko zemveliso ye-welding. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokwahluka kwezinto ze-welding, ukhetho lwegesi ye-welding luyinkimbinkimbi kwiinkqubo zokwenyani ze-welding. Ifuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi kwezinto ze-welding, iindlela ze-welding, iindawo ze-welding, kunye nesiphumo se-welding esifunekayo. Ukukhethwa kwegesi ye-welding efanelekileyo kunokugqitywa ngovavanyo lwe-welding ukuze kufezekiswe iziphumo ezilungileyo ze-welding.
Umboniso weVidiyo | Ukujonga ukuWelda ngeLaser ephathwayo
Yazi Okungakumbi malunga Nokuba Yintoni i-Handheld Laser Welder
Le vidiyo ichaza ukuba yintoni umatshini wokuwelda nge-laser kunyeimiyalelo kunye nezakhiwo ekufuneka uzazi.
Le ikwayindlela efanelekileyo yokulawula ngaphambi kokuba uthenge i-laser welder ephathwayo.
Kukho izinto ezisisiseko zomatshini wokuwelda we-laser we-1000W 1500w 2000w.
Ukuwelda ngeLaser okuSebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo
Kule vidiyo, sibonisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda onokuzifezekisa nge-laser welder ephathwa ngesandla. I-laser welder ephathwa ngesandla ingalinganisa ibala lokudlala phakathi komntu omtsha wokuwelda kunye nomsebenzisi womatshini wokuwelda onamava.
Sinikezela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwi-500w ukuya kwi-3000w.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo
- Kwi-laser welding, igesi yokukhusela yinxalenye ebalulekileyo esetyenziselwa ukukhusela indawo ye-weld ekungcolisweni komoya. Umqadi we-laser onamandla kakhulu osetyenziswa kolu hlobo lwe-welding uvelisa ubushushu obuninzi, nto leyo edala ichibi lesinyithi elinyibilikisiweyo.
Igesi engasebenziyo idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukukhusela ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuwelda koomatshini bokuwelda nge-laser. Xa ezinye izinto ziwelda, i-oxidation yomphezulu ayinakucingelwa. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwezicelo, i-helium, i-argon, i-nitrogen, kunye nezinye iigesi zihlala zisetyenziswa njengokhuselo. Oku kulandelayo Makhe sijonge ukuba kutheni oomatshini bokuwelda nge-laser befuna igesi yokukhusela xa bewelda.
Kwi-laser welding, igesi yokukhusela iya kuchaphazela imo ye-weld, umgangatho we-weld, ukungena kwe-weld, kunye nobubanzi be-fusion. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuvuthela igesi yokukhusela kuya kuba nefuthe elihle kwi-weld.
- Imixube yeArgon-HeliumImixube yeArgon-Helium: icetyiswa ngokubanzi kwiisicelo ezininzi zokuwelda nge-laser ye-aluminium ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lamandla e-laser. Imixube yeArgon-Oxygen: inokubonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wokuwelda owamkelekileyo.
- Iigesi ezisetyenziswa kuyilo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwee-laser zegesi zezi zilandelayo: i-carbon dioxide (CO2), i-helium-neon (H kunye ne-Ne), kunye ne-nitrogen (N).
Ngaba unemibuzo malunga nokuWelda ngeLaser ephathwayo?
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-19-2023