Ithonya Legesi Evikelayo Ekushiseni Nge-Laser
Yini Engakuthola Kuwe Igesi Evikelayo Efanele?
IUma usebenzisa i-laser welding, ukukhetha igesi evikelayo kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekwakhekeni, ikhwalithi, ukujula, kanye nobubanzi bomthungo we-weld.
Ezimweni eziningi kakhulu, ukwethulwa kwegesi evikelayo kunomthelela omuhle kumthungo wokushisela kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kwegesi evikelayo kungaba nemiphumela emibi ekushiseleni.
Imiphumela efanele nengafanele yokusebenzisa igesi evikelayo yilena elandelayo:
Ukusetshenziswa Okufanele
Ukusetshenziswa Okungafanele
1. Ukuvikelwa Okusebenzayo Kwechibi Lokushisela
Ukufakwa kahle kwegesi evikelayo kungavikela ngempumelelo ichibi lokushisela ekushiseni noma kuvimbele ukushisisa ngokuphelele.
1. Ukuwohloka Komthungo Wokushisela
Ukufakwa okungalungile kwegesi evikelayo kungabangela ikhwalithi ephansi yomthungo wokushisela.
2. Ukunciphisa Ukusabalala
Ukufaka igesi evikelayo ngendlela efanele kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuchitheka ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela.
2. Izakhiwo Zokuqhekeka Nokunciphisa Imishini
Ukukhetha uhlobo olungalungile lwegesi kungaholela ekuqhekekeni komthungo wokushisela kanye nokwehla kokusebenza komshini.
3. Ukwakheka Okufanayo Komthungo Wokushisela
Ukufakwa kahle kwegesi evikelayo kukhuthaza ukusabalala ngokulinganayo kwechibi lokushisela ngesikhathi sokuqina, okuholela kumthungo wokushisela ofanayo nojabulisayo ngobuhle.
3. Ukwanda kwe-Oxidation noma ukuphazamiseka
Ukukhetha izinga lokugeleza kwegesi elingalungile, kungaba phezulu kakhulu noma phansi kakhulu, kungaholela ekushiseni okukhulu komthungo wokushisela. Kungabangela nokuphazamiseka okukhulu ensimbini encibilikisiwe, okuholela ekuweni noma ekwakhekeni okungalingani komthungo wokushisela.
4. Ukusetshenziswa Okuthuthukisiwe Kwe-Laser
Ukufaka igesi evikelayo ngendlela efanele kunganciphisa ngempumelelo umphumela wokuvikela wezinsimbi zomusi wensimbi noma amafu e-plasma ku-laser, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukusebenza kahle kwe-laser.
4. Ukuvikelwa Okunganele noma Umthelela Omubi
Ukukhetha indlela engalungile yokufaka igesi kungaholela ekuvikelekeni okwanele komthungo wokushisela noma kube nomthelela omubi ekwakhekeni komthungo wokushisela.
5. Ukunciphisa Ukugoba Kwe-Weld
Ukufaka igesi evikelayo ngendlela efanele kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukwakheka kwezikhala zegesi kumthungo wokushisela. Ngokukhetha uhlobo lwegesi olufanele, izinga lokugeleza, kanye nendlela yokwethula, imiphumela emihle ingatholakala.
5. Ithonya Ekujuleni Kokushisela
Ukwethulwa kwegesi evikelayo kungaba nomthelela othile ekujuleni kwe-weld, ikakhulukazi ekushiseni amapuleti amancane, lapho kuvame ukunciphisa khona ukujula kwe-weld.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zegesi Evikelayo
Amagesi avikelayo asetshenziswa kakhulu ekushiseni nge-laser yi-nitrogen (N2), i-argon (Ar), kanye ne-helium (He). Lawa magesi anezakhiwo ezihlukile zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, okuholela emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene kumthungo wokushisisa.
1. I-nitrogen (N2)
I-N2 inamandla okulinganisa i-ionization, aphezulu kune-Ar futhi aphansi kune-He. Ngaphansi kwesenzo se-laser, i-ionization ngezinga eliphakathi, inciphisa ngempumelelo ukwakheka kwamafu e-plasma futhi ikhulise ukusetshenziswa kwe-laser. Kodwa-ke, i-nitrogen ingasabela ngamakhemikhali nge-aluminium alloys kanye ne-carbon steel emazingeni okushisa athile, yakha ama-nitride. Lokhu kungandisa ubuthakathaka futhi kunciphise ukuqina komthungo we-weld, kuthinte kabi izakhiwo zayo zemishini. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen njengegesi evikelayo ye-aluminium alloys kanye ne-carbon steel welds akukhuthazwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-nitrogen ingasabela ngensimbi engagqwali, yakhe ama-nitride athuthukisa amandla e-weld joint. Ngakho-ke, i-nitrogen ingasetshenziswa njengegesi evikelayo yokushisela insimbi engagqwali.
2. Igesi i-Argon (i-Ar)
Igesi i-Argon inamandla aphansi kakhulu e-ionization, okuholela ezingeni eliphakeme le-ionization ngaphansi kwesenzo se-laser. Lokhu akulungile ekulawuleni ukwakheka kwamafu e-plasma futhi kungaba nomthelela othile ekusetshenzisweni kahle kwama-laser. Kodwa-ke, i-argon inokusabela okuphansi kakhulu futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi ibhekane nokusabela kwamakhemikhali nezinsimbi ezivamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-argon ishibhile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yobuningi bayo obukhulu, i-argon iyacwila ngaphezu kwechibi lokushisela, ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okungcono kwechibi lokushisela. Ngakho-ke, ingasetshenziswa njengegesi yokuvikela evamile.
3. Igesi ye-Helium (He)
Igesi ye-Helium inamandla aphezulu kakhulu e-ionization, okuholela ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu le-ionization ngaphansi kwesenzo se-laser. Ivumela ukulawulwa okungcono kokwakheka kwamafu e-plasma, futhi ama-laser angasebenzisana ngempumelelo nezinsimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-helium ine-reactivity ephansi kakhulu futhi ayihlangabezani kalula nokusabela kwamakhemikhali nezinsimbi, okwenza ibe yigesi enhle kakhulu yokuvikela ukushintshwa kwe-weld. Kodwa-ke, izindleko ze-helium ziphezulu, ngakho ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ngobuningi. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwesayensi noma emikhiqizweni enenani eliphezulu.
Izindlela Ezimbili Zokusebenzisa Igesi Evikelayo
Njengamanje, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwethula igesi yokuvikela: ukuvunguza ohlangothini olungaphandle kwe-axis kanye negesi yokuvikela ye-coaxial, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1 kanye noMfanekiso 2, ngokulandelana.
Umfanekiso 1: Igesi Yokuvikela Eceleni Engavuthi Eceleni
Umfanekiso 2: Igesi Yokuvikela I-Coaxial
Ukukhetha phakathi kwezindlela ezimbili zokushaya kuncike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene.
Ngokuvamile, kunconywa ukusebenzisa indlela yokuvunguza eceleni engaphandle kwe-axis ukuze kuvikelwe igesi.
Ungayikhetha Kanjani Igesi Evikelayo Efanele?
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi igama elithi "oxidation" lama-welds liyinkulumo evamile. Ngokwethiyori, libhekisela ekuwohlokeni kwekhwalithi ye-weld ngenxa yokusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwensimbi ye-weld kanye nezingxenye eziyingozi emoyeni, njenge-oxygen, i-nitrogen, ne-hydrogen.
Ukuvimbela ukushiswa kwe-weld kuhilela ukunciphisa noma ukugwema ukuthintana phakathi kwalezi zingxenye eziyingozi kanye nensimbi yokushiswa eshisa kakhulu. Lesi simo sokushisa okuphezulu asihlanganisi nje kuphela insimbi yokushiswa encibilikisiwe kodwa futhi nesikhathi sonke kusukela lapho insimbi yokushiswa incibilikiswa kuze kube yilapho ichibi liqina futhi izinga lokushisa lalo lehla ngaphansi komkhawulo othile.
Inqubo Yokushisela
Isibonelo, ekushiseleni ama-alloy e-titanium, lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-300°C, ukumuncwa kwe-hydrogen okusheshayo kwenzeka; ngaphezu kuka-450°C, ukumuncwa kwe-oxygen okusheshayo kwenzeka; kanti ngaphezu kuka-600°C, ukumuncwa kwe-nitrogen okusheshayo kwenzeka.
Ngakho-ke, kudingeka ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo kwe-titanium alloy weld ngesikhathi sesigaba lapho iqina futhi izinga lokushisa layo lehla ngaphansi kwama-300°C ukuvimbela i-oxidation. Ngokusekelwe encazelweni engenhla, kusobala ukuthi igesi yokuvikela evuthelwayo idinga ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa hhayi kuphela echibini lokushisela ngesikhathi esifanele kodwa futhi nasendaweni eqinisiwe ye-weld. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokushisela eceleni engaphandle kwe-axis eboniswe kuMfanekiso 1 ngokuvamile iyathandwa ngoba inikeza ububanzi obubanzi bokuvikelwa uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yokuvikela ye-coaxial eboniswe kuMfanekiso 2, ikakhulukazi esifundeni esiqinisiwe se-weld.
Kodwa-ke, emikhiqizweni ethile ethile, ukukhetha indlela kudinga ukwenziwa ngokusekelwe esakhiweni somkhiqizo kanye nokucushwa okuhlangene.
Ukukhetha Okuqondile Kwendlela Yokwethula Igesi Evikelayo
1. Ukushintshwa komugqa oqondile
Uma isimo sokushisela somkhiqizo siqondile, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3, futhi ukwakheka kwejoyinti kufaka phakathi amajoyinti ezinqeni, amajoyinti e-lap, ama-fillet welds, noma ama-stack welds, indlela ekhethwayo yalolu hlobo lomkhiqizo yindlela yokubhula eceleni engaphandle kwe-axis eboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.
Umfanekiso 3: Ukushintshwa komugqa oqondile
2. I-Planar Enclosed Geometry Weld
Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4, i-weld kulolu hlobo lomkhiqizo inomumo ohleliwe ovaliwe, njengomumo womugqa oyindilinga, we-polygonal, noma we-multi-segment. Ukwakheka kwamalunga kungafaka phakathi ama-butt joints, ama-lap joints, noma ama-stack welds. Kulolu hlobo lomkhiqizo, indlela ekhethwayo ukusebenzisa i-coaxial shielding gas eboniswe kuMfanekiso 2.
Umfanekiso 4: I-Planar Enclosed Geometry Weld
Ukukhethwa kwegesi yokuvikela ama-weld e-planar enclosed geometry kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nezindleko zokukhiqizwa kokushisela. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwehlukahluka kwezinto zokushisela, ukukhethwa kwegesi yokushisela kuyinkimbinkimbi ezinqubweni zangempela zokushisela. Kudinga ukucatshangelwa okubanzi kwezinto zokushisela, izindlela zokushisela, izindawo zokushisela, kanye nomphumela wokushisela ofiselekayo. Ukukhethwa kwegesi yokushisela efaneleke kakhulu kunganqunywa ngokuhlolwa kokushisela ukuze kutholakale imiphumela emihle yokushisela.
Ukuboniswa Kwevidiyo | Ukubuka Kokushisela Nge-Laser Ephathwayo
Yazi Okwengeziwe Ngokuthi Kuyini Ukushisela Kwe-Laser Okubanjwe Ngesandla
Le vidiyo ichaza ukuthi uyini umshini wokushisela nge-laser kanyeimiyalelo nezakhiwo okudingeka uzazi.
Lokhu futhi kuyisiqondiso sakho esiphelele ngaphambi kokuthenga umshini wokushisela we-laser ophathwa ngesandla.
Kunezinhlobo eziyisisekelo zomshini wokushisela we-laser we-1000W 1500w 2000w.
Ukushisela Nge-Laser Okuguquguqukayo Kwezidingo Ezihlukahlukene
Kule vidiyo, sibonisa izindlela eziningana zokushisela ongazifeza ngomshini wokushisela we-laser ophathwa ngesandla. Umshini wokushisela we-laser ophathwa ngesandla angalinganisa inkundla yokudlala phakathi komuntu omusha wokushisela kanye nomqhubi womshini wokushisela onolwazi.
Sinikeza izinketho kusukela ku-500w kuze kube yi-3000w.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
- Ekushiseni nge-laser, igesi yokuvikela iyinto ebalulekile esetshenziswa ukuvikela indawo yokushiselwa ekungcoleni komoya. Ugongolo lwe-laser olunamandla kakhulu olusetshenziswa kulolu hlobo lokushiselwa lukhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu, okudala ichibi lensimbi elincibilikisiwe.
Igesi engasebenzi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvikela ichibi elincibilikisiwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela imishini yokushisela nge-laser. Uma ezinye izinto zishiselwa, ukushiselwa komhlaba kungase kungacatshangwa. Kodwa-ke, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, i-helium, i-argon, i-nitrogen, namanye amagesi kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengesivikelo. Okulandelayo Ake sibheke ukuthi kungani imishini yokushisela nge-laser idinga igesi yokuvikela lapho ishiselwa.
Ekushiseni nge-laser, igesi yokuvikela izothinta ukuma kwe-weld, ikhwalithi ye-weld, ukungena kwe-weld, kanye nobubanzi be-fusion. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuqhuma kwegesi yokuvikela kuzoba nomthelela omuhle ku-weld.
- Izingxube ze-Argon-HeliumIzingxube ze-Argon-Helium: ngokuvamile zinconywa kakhulu ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokushisela nge-laser ye-aluminium kuye ngezinga lamandla e-laser. Izingxube ze-Argon-Oxygen: zinganikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi yokushisela eyamukelekayo.
- Amagesi asetshenziswa ekwakhiweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwama-laser egesi yilawa alandelayo: i-carbon dioxide (CO2), i-helium-neon (H kanye ne-Ne), kanye ne-nitrogen (N).
Unemibuzo mayelana nokushisela nge-laser okubanjwe ngesandla?
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-19-2023