Imashini ya laser igura angahe?
Waba uri uruganda cyangwa nyiri iduka ry’ubukorikori, utitaye ku buryo bwo gukora ukoresha ubu (CNC Routers, Die Cutters, Ultrasonic Cutting Machine, nibindi), ushobora kuba warigeze gutekereza gushora imari mu mashini itunganya laser mbere. Uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, ibikoresho bigasaza n’ibyo abakiriya bakeneye bihinduka, amaherezo uzakenera gusimbuza ibikoresho byo gukora.
Igihe nikigera, ushobora kuzaza ubaza uti: [icyuma gikata laser gigura angahe?]
Kugira ngo usobanukirwe ikiguzi cy'imashini ya laser, ugomba gutekereza ku birenze igiciro cya mbere. Ugomba kandi kuzirikanatekereza ku giciro rusange cyo gutunga imashini ya laser mu buzima bwayo bwose, kugira ngo harebwe neza niba bikwiye gushora imari mu bikoresho bya laser.
Muri iyi nkuru, MimoWork Laser izareba ibintu bigira ingaruka ku kiguzi cyo gutunga imashini ya laser, ndetse n'ibiciro rusange, n'ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'imashini ya laser.Kugira ngo ugure neza igihe nikigera, reka turebere hamwe ibikurikira hanyuma ufate inama ukeneye mbere y'igihe.
Ni ibihe bintu bigira ingaruka ku kiguzi cy'imashini ikoresha laser mu nganda?
▶ UBWOKO BWA IMASHINI YA LAZER
Igicaniro cya CO2 cya Laser
Uduce twa CO2 laser cutters ubusanzwe ni two mashini ikoresha cyane cyane CNC (computer numeral control) laser mu gukata ibikoresho bitari ibyuma. Kubera inyungu zo kuba imbaraga nyinshi no kudahungabana, icyuma gikata CO2 laser cutter gishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye busaba ubuhanga bwo hejuru, gukora ibintu byinshi, ndetse no ku gice kimwe cy’umurimo cyihariye. Igice kinini cy’icyuma gikata CO2 laser cutter cyakozwe gifite XY-axis gantry, ari na sisitemu ya mekanike ikoreshwa akenshi n’umukandara cyangwa agakoresho gatuma umutwe ukata ugenda neza mu buryo bwa 2D mu gace k’urukiramende. Hariho kandi utwuma twa CO2 laser cutters dushobora kuzamuka no kumanuka kuri Z-axis kugira ngo tugere ku musaruro wo gukata 3D. Ariko ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho nk’ibyo gikubye inshuro nyinshi ugereranije n’icyuma gikata CO2 gisanzwe.
Muri rusange, igiciro cy’ibikoresho by’ibanze bya CO2 laser cutters kiri hagati ya $2.000 na $200.000. Itandukaniro ry’ibiciro ni rinini cyane iyo bigeze ku miterere itandukanye y’ibikoresho by’ibikoresho bya CO2 laser cutters. Tuzasobanura kandi ibisobanuro birambuye ku miterere nyuma kugira ngo ubashe gusobanukirwa neza ibikoresho bya laser.
Igishushanyo cya CO2 cya Laser
Imashini zikora ibishushanyo bya CO2 laser zikoreshwa mu gushushanya ibikoresho bikomeye bitari icyuma ku bunini runaka kugira ngo bigere ku rugero rw'ibipimo bitatu. Imashini zikora ibishushanyo muri rusange ni zo zihendutse cyane, igiciro cyazo kiri hagati ya 2,000 na 5,000 USD, kubera impamvu ebyiri: imbaraga z'umuyoboro wa laser n'ingano y'ameza akoreshwa mu gushushanya.
Mu bikorwa byose bya laser, gukoresha laser mu gukata utuntu duto ni akazi koroshye. Uko umurambararo muto w'urumuri uba muto, ni ko umusaruro uba mwiza cyane. Umuyoboro muto w'amashanyarazi wa laser ushobora gutanga umuyoboro mwiza cyane wa laser. Rero dukunze kubona imashini ikora amashusho ifite imiterere ya laser ya Watt 30-50. Umuyoboro wa laser ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibikoresho byose bya laser, hamwe n'umuyoboro muto w'amashanyarazi wa laser, imashini ikora amashusho igomba kuba ihendutse. Uretse ibyo, abantu benshi bakoresha imashini ikora amashusho ya laser ya CO2 kugira ngo bashushanye ibice bito. Ameza nk'ayo mato akoreshwa nayo agena ibiciro.
Imashini yo gushyira ikimenyetso kuri laser ya Galvo
Ugereranyije n'icyuma gisanzwe gikata laser cya CO2, igiciro cyo gutangira cy'imashini ikata laser ya galvo kiri hejuru cyane, kandi abantu bakunze kwibaza impamvu imashini ikata laser ya galvo ihenze cyane. Hanyuma tuzareba itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko hagati y'abashushanya laser (abakata laser ya CO2 n'abashushanya) na laser ya galvo. Iyobora icyuma cya laser ku bikoresho ikoresheje indorerwamo zigenda vuba, laser ya galvo ishobora kurasa icyuma cya laser hejuru y'ibikoresho ku muvuduko mwinshi cyane kandi ikora neza kandi ishobora gusubiramo. Ku bijyanye no gushyira icyuma mu mafoto manini, byatwara iminota mike gusa kugira ngo icyuma cya galvo kirangire, ariko bitabaye ibyo byatwara amasaha menshi kugira ngo icyuma gikata laser kirangire. Rero nubwo byaba ari igiciro kinini, gushora imari muri laser ya galvo ni ngombwa kubitekerezaho.
Kugura imashini ntoya ikoresha fibre laser bitwara ibihumbi bike by'amadolari gusa, ariko ku mashini nini ikoresha CO2 galvo laser ikoresha CO2 galvo laser (ifite ubugari burenze metero imwe), hari igihe igiciro kiba hejuru cyane kugeza ku bihumbi 500 by'amadolari y'Amerika. Ikirenze byose, ugomba kugena imiterere y'ibikoresho, imiterere y'imashini, n'ingufu ukurikije ibyo ukeneye. Ikubereye ni yo ikubereye.
▶ GUHITAMO ISOKO YA LASER
Benshi bakoresha amasoko ya laser kugira ngo bamenye aho ibikoresho bya laser bitandukanira, ahanini kubera ko buri buryo bwo gukurura umwuka butanga uburebure butandukanye bw'uburebure, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku gipimo cyo kwinjiza kuri laser ya buri gikoresho. Ushobora kureba imbonerahamwe iri hepfo kugira ngo umenye ubwoko bw'imashini za laser zikubereye.
| Laser ya CO2 | 9.3 – 10.6 µm | Ibikoresho byinshi bitari ibyuma |
| Fiber Laser | 780 nm - 2200 nm | Ahanini ikoreshwa mu bikoresho by'icyuma |
| Laser ya UV | 180 – 400nm | Ibikoresho by'ikirahure na kristu, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ibumba, mudasobwa, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, imbaho za PCB n'ibipimo byo kugenzura, pulasitiki, nibindi |
| Laser y'icyatsi kibisi | 532 nm | Ibikoresho by'ikirahure na kristu, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ibumba, mudasobwa, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, imbaho za PCB n'ibipimo byo kugenzura, pulasitiki, nibindi |
Umuyoboro wa laser wa CO2
Kuri laser CO2 ya laser ya gazi, hari amahitamo abiri yo guhitamo: DC (umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi ugororotse) Umuyoboro wa laser y’ikirahure na RF (umuyoboro wa radiyo) Umuyoboro wa laser y’icyuma. Imiyoboro ya laser y’ikirahure ni hafi 10% by’igiciro cy’imiyoboro ya laser ya RF. Imiyoboro yombi ya laser igumana imiterere myiza cyane. Mu gukata ibikoresho byinshi bitari ibyuma, itandukaniro ryo gukata mu bwiza ntirigaragara ku bakoresha benshi. Ariko niba ushaka gushushanya imiterere ku bikoresho, umuyoboro wa laser y’icyuma ya RF ni amahitamo meza kuko ushobora gukora ingano ntoya y’ikimenyetso cya laser. Uko ingano y’ikimenyetso iba nto, niko imiterere y’ibishushanyo iba nziza. Nubwo umuyoboro wa laser y’icyuma ya RF ihenze cyane, umuntu agomba gutekereza ko laser ya RF ishobora kumara igihe kirekire inshuro 4-5 kurusha laser y’ikirahure. MimoWork itanga ubwoko bwombi bw’imiyoboro ya laser kandi ni inshingano zacu guhitamo imashini ikubereye ibyo ukeneye.
Isoko ya Fibre Laser
Fiber lasers ni solid-state lasers kandi akenshi zikundwa cyane mu gutunganya ibyuma.Imashini ikoresha fibre laserni ibisanzwe ku isoko,byoroshye gukoresha, kandi ikorantibisaba isuku nyinshi, hamwe n'ikigereranyo cy'ikiguziigihe cy'ubuzima cy'amasaha 30.000Iyo ukoresheje neza amasaha 8 ku munsi, ushobora gukoresha imashini mu gihe kirenga imyaka icumi. Ibiciro by'imashini ikoresha fibre laser mu nganda (20w, 30w, 50w) biri hagati ya 3,000 na 8,000 USD.
Hari ikintu gikomoka kuri fibre laser cyitwa MOPA laser engraving machine. MOPA yerekeza kuri Master Oscillator Power Amplifier. Mu magambo make, MOPA ishobora gukora frequency pulse ifite amplitude nyinshi kurusha fibre kuva kuri 1 kugeza kuri 4000 kHz, bigatuma MOPA laser ifata amabara atandukanye hejuru y'ibyuma. Nubwo fibre laser na MOPA laser bishobora gusa, MOPA laser irahenze cyane kuko amasoko ya laser y'ingufu ya mbere akorwa n'ibice bitandukanye kandi bigatwara igihe kirekire kugira ngo ikore laser ishobora gukorana n'imirongo yo hejuru cyane n'iyo hasi icyarimwe, ikenera ibice byumvikana cyane hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga rinini. Kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku mashini ya MOPA laser engraving, ganira n'umwe mu bahagarariye uyu munsi.
UV (ultraviolet) / Isoko ya Laser y'icyatsi kibisi
Icya nyuma ariko kitari gito, tugomba kuvuga kuri UV Laser na Green Laser byo gushushanya no gushyira ikimenyetso kuri pulasitiki, indorerwamo, ibumba, n'ibindi bikoresho bishobora kwangirika kandi bikorohera ubushyuhe.
▶ IBINDI BIBAZO
Hari izindi mpamvu nyinshi zigira ingaruka ku biciro by'imashini zikoresha laser.Ingano y'imashiniihagaze mu mwanya wayo. Muri rusange, uko urubuga rwo gukoreraho imashini runini, niko igiciro cyayo kiba kinini. Uretse itandukaniro mu kiguzi cy'ibikoresho, rimwe na rimwe iyo ukoresha imashini nini ya laser, ugomba no guhitamoumuyoboro wa laser ufite imbaraga nyinshikugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza wo gutunganya imodoka. Ni igitekerezo nk'icyo cy'uko ukeneye moteri zitandukanye z'amashanyarazi kugira ngo utangize imodoka yawe y'umuryango n'ikamyo itwara abagenzi.
Urwego rw'imikorere y'ikoranabuhangaimashini yawe ya laser nayo igena ibiciro. Ibikoresho bya laser bifite sisitemu yo kohereza ubutumwa hamweSisitemu yo Kumenya Ibigaragarabishobora kugabanya akazi, kunoza imikorere, no kongera imikorere. Niba ushaka kugabanyaibikoresho byo kuzingurura mu buryo bwikora or ibice by'ikimenyetso cy'isaziku murongo wo guteranya, MimoWork ishobora guhindura ibikoresho bya mekanike kugira ngo iguhe ibisubizo byo gutunganya ibyuma hakoreshejwe laser.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-01-2021