Laser kuwotcherera makamaka umalimbana kusintha kuwotcherera dzuwa ndi khalidwe la zipangizo woonda khoma ndi mbali mwatsatanetsatane.Lero sitilankhula za ubwino wa kuwotcherera laser koma tiyang'ane pa momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito mpweya wotchinga pa kuwotcherera laser bwino.
Chifukwa chiyani mugwiritsire ntchito chishango gasi pakuwotcherera laser?
Mu kuwotcherera kwa laser, chishango cha gasi chidzakhudza kupanga weld, mtundu wa weld, kuya kwa weld, ndi m'lifupi weld.Nthawi zambiri, kuwomba gasi wothandizira kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa weld, koma kungayambitsenso zovuta.
Mukawombera chishango bwino, zidzakuthandizani:
✦Tetezani bwino dziwe la weld kuti muchepetse kapena kupewa oxidation
✦Mogwira mtima kuchepetsa kuwaza opangidwa mu ndondomeko kuwotcherera
✦Mogwira kuchepetsa weld pores
✦Thandizani dziwe la weld lifalikire mofanana pamene likukhazikika, kuti msoko wowotcherera ubwere ndi m'mphepete mwaukhondo komanso wosalala.
✦Kuteteza kwa chitsulo cha nthunzi kapena mtambo wa plasma pa laser kumachepetsedwa bwino, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa laser kumawonjezeka.
Malingana ngatimtundu wa gasi wa chishango, kuchuluka kwa gasi, ndi kusankha kwa njira yowombazolondola, mukhoza kupeza zotsatira zabwino za kuwotcherera.Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika gasi woteteza kumatha kusokoneza kuwotcherera.Kugwiritsira ntchito mtundu wolakwika wa chishango cha gasi kungayambitse ming'oma mu weld kapena kuchepetsa mawotchi amagetsi.Kukwera kwambiri kapena kutsika kwambiri kwa mpweya wotuluka kumatha kupangitsa kuti weld oxidation kwambiri komanso kusokoneza kwakukulu kwachitsulo mkati mwa dziwe la weld, zomwe zimapangitsa kugwa kwa weld kapena kusapangana kofanana.
Mitundu ya chishango gasi
Mipweya yoteteza yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwotcherera laser ndi N2, Ar, ndi He.Maonekedwe awo a thupi ndi mankhwala ndi osiyana, kotero zotsatira zawo pa welds ndi osiyana.
Nayitrogeni (N2)
Mphamvu ya ionization ya N2 ndi yocheperako, yapamwamba kuposa ya Ar, komanso yotsika kuposa ya Iye.Pansi pa ma radiation a laser, digiri ya ionization ya N2 imakhala pa keel, yomwe imatha kuchepetsa mapangidwe amtambo wa plasma ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa laser.Nayitrogeni imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi aloyi ya aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo cha kaboni pa kutentha kwina kuti ipange ma nitridi, zomwe zingathandize kuti ma weld brittleness achepetse kulimba, komanso kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu pamakina a zolumikizira zowotcherera.Choncho, si bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni pamene kuwotcherera zotayidwa aloyi ndi mpweya zitsulo.
Komabe, zomwe zimachitika pakati pa nayitrogeni ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimapangidwa ndi nayitrogeni zimatha kulimbitsa mphamvu ya olowa, zomwe zingakhale zopindulitsa pakuwongolera zida zamakina, kotero kuwotcherera kwachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kutha kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni ngati mpweya woteteza.
Argon (Ar)
Mphamvu ya ionization ya Argon ndi yotsika, ndipo digiri yake ya ionization idzakhala yapamwamba kwambiri pochita laser.Kenaka, Argon, monga mpweya wotetezera, sangathe kulamulira bwino mapangidwe a mitambo ya plasma, yomwe idzachepetse kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa laser kuwotcherera.Funso likubuka: kodi argon ndi woyipa wogwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera ngati gasi wotchinga?Yankho ndi Ayi. Pokhala mpweya wa inert, Argon ndizovuta kuchitapo kanthu ndi zitsulo zambiri, ndipo Ar ndi yotsika mtengo kugwiritsa ntchito.Komanso, kachulukidwe wa Ar ndi lalikulu, adzakhala yabwino kumira pamwamba pa weld dziwe wosungunula ndi kuteteza bwino dziwe weld, kotero Argon angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ochiritsira zoteteza mpweya.
Helium (Iye)
Mosiyana ndi Argon, Helium ili ndi mphamvu zambiri za ionization zomwe zimatha kuwongolera mapangidwe a mitambo ya plasma mosavuta.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Helium sichichita ndi zitsulo zilizonse.Ndi chisankho chabwino chowotcherera laser.Vuto lokhalo ndiloti Helium ndi yokwera mtengo.Kwa opanga opanga omwe amapereka zitsulo zopanga zitsulo zambiri, helium idzawonjezera ndalama zambiri pamtengo wopangira.Chifukwa chake helium imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zasayansi kapena zinthu zomwe zili ndi mtengo wowonjezera kwambiri.
Kodi kuwomba chishango gasi?
Choyamba, ziyenera kuonekeratu kuti zomwe zimatchedwa "oxidation" za weld ndi dzina lodziwika bwino, lomwe mwachidziwitso limatanthawuza za zomwe zimachitika pakati pa weld ndi zigawo zovulaza mumlengalenga, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa weld. .Nthawi zambiri, chitsulo chowotcherera chimakhudzidwa ndi mpweya, nayitrogeni, ndi haidrojeni mumlengalenga pa kutentha kwina.
Pofuna kupewa kuwotcherera kuti "oxidized" kumafuna kuchepetsa kapena kupewa kukhudzana pakati pa zigawo zoopsa zoterezi ndi zitsulo zowotcherera pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe siziri muzitsulo zosungunuka dziwe koma nthawi yonseyi kuyambira nthawi yomwe zitsulo zowotcherera zimasungunuka mpaka chitsulo chosungunuka cha dziwe chimalimba ndipo kutentha kwake kumazizira mpaka kutentha kwina.
Njira ziwiri zazikulu zowuzira gasi wachitetezo
▶Imodzi ndikuwomba gasi wotchinga kumbali, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1.
▶Ina ndi njira yowombera coaxial, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2.
Chithunzi 1.
Chithunzi 2.
Kusankhidwa kwapadera kwa njira ziwiri zowomba ndikuganizira mozama mbali zambiri.Ambiri, Ndi bwino kutengera njira ya mbali-wowomba zoteteza mpweya.
Zitsanzo zina za kuwotcherera laser
1. Kuwotcherera kwa mikanda/mizere
Monga momwe chithunzi 3 chikuwonetsedwera, mawonekedwe owotcherera a chinthucho ndi ozungulira, ndipo mawonekedwe olowa amatha kukhala olowa m'chiuno, cholumikizira pakona, cholumikizira chapakona, kapena cholumikizira cholumikizira.Pazinthu zamtunduwu, ndi bwino kutengera mpweya wodzitetezera womwe umawombera mbali ngati momwe tawonera pachithunzi 1.
2. Tsekani chithunzi kapena kuwotcherera dera
Monga momwe tawonetsera mu Chithunzi 4, mawonekedwe a weld wa mankhwala ndi njira yotsekedwa monga circumference ndege, ndege multilateral mawonekedwe, ndege Mipikisano gawo liniya mawonekedwe, etc. olowa mawonekedwe akhoza kukhala matako olowa, lap olowa, kuwotcherera modutsana, etc. Ndi bwino kutengera njira ya coaxial protective gasi monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2 cha mtundu uwu wa mankhwala.
Kusankhidwa kwa mpweya woteteza kumakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la kuwotcherera, mphamvu, ndi mtengo wa kupanga, koma chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kwa zinthu zowotcherera, mu ndondomeko yeniyeni yowotcherera, kusankha kwa mpweya wowotcherera kumakhala kovuta kwambiri ndipo kumafunika kuganizira mozama za zinthu zowotcherera, kuwotcherera. njira, kuwotcherera udindo, komanso zofunika za kuwotcherera zotsatira.Kupyolera mu kuyesa kuwotcherera, mutha kusankha mpweya wabwino kwambiri wowotcherera kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zabwino.
Wokonda kuwotcherera laser komanso wofunitsitsa kuphunzira momwe angasankhire chishango cha gasi
Maulalo ofananira:
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-10-2022