Kuwotcherera kwa laser kumatha kuzindikirika ndi jenereta yopitilira kapena pulsed laser.Mfundo laser kuwotcherera akhoza kugawidwa mu kutentha conduction kuwotcherera ndi laser kwambiri maphatikizidwe kuwotcherera.Kachulukidwe mphamvu zosakwana 104 ~ 105 W/cm2 ndi kutentha conduction kuwotcherera, pa nthawi ino, kuya kwa kusungunuka, ndi kuwotcherera liwiro ndi pang'onopang'ono;Pamene kachulukidwe mphamvu ndi wamkulu kuposa 105 ~ 107 W/cm2, pamwamba zitsulo ndi concave mu "mabowo keyholes" pansi pa zochita za kutentha, kupanga kuya maphatikizidwe kuwotcherera, amene ali ndi makhalidwe a liwiro kuwotcherera mofulumira ndi lalikulu kuya-m'lifupi chiŵerengero.
Lero, tikambirana zambiri zazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa kuwotcherera kwa laser deep fusion
1. Mphamvu ya Laser
Mu kuwotcherera kwa laser deep fusion, mphamvu ya laser imawongolera kuya kwa kulowa komanso kuthamanga kwa kuwotcherera.Kuzama kwa weld kumayenderana mwachindunji ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya mtengo ndipo ndi ntchito ya mphamvu yamtengowo komanso malo ofikira.Nthawi zambiri, pamtengo wina wa laser, kuzama kolowera kumawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya mtengo.
2. Focal Spot
Kukula kwa beam ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuwotcherera kwa laser chifukwa kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa mphamvu.Koma kuyeza ndizovuta kwa ma laser amphamvu kwambiri, ngakhale pali njira zambiri zoyezera mosalunjika zomwe zilipo.
Kukula kwa malo omwe amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtengowo akhoza kuwerengedwa molingana ndi chiphunzitso cha diffraction, koma kukula kwenikweni kwa malo ndikokulirapo kuposa mtengo wowerengeredwa chifukwa cha kusawoneka bwino kwapakati.Njira yosavuta yoyezera ndi njira yambiri ya kutentha kwa iso, yomwe imayesa kukula kwa malo omwe amayang'ana ndikubowola pambuyo poti pepala lokhuthala liwotchedwa ndikulowa mu mbale ya polypropylene.Njira iyi kudzera muzoyezera, imagwiritsa ntchito kukula kwa mphamvu ya laser ndi nthawi yochitapo kanthu.
3. Gasi Woteteza
Njira yowotcherera ya laser nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya woteteza (helium, argon, nayitrogeni) kuteteza dziwe losungunuka, kulepheretsa chogwirira ntchito kuti chisawonongeke pakuwotcherera.Chifukwa chachiwiri chogwiritsira ntchito gasi woteteza ndikuteteza mandala omwe akuwunikira kuti asaipitsidwe ndi nthunzi zachitsulo ndikulavula ndi madontho amadzimadzi.Makamaka pakuwotcherera kwamphamvu kwa laser, ejecta imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuteteza mandala.Chotsatira chachitatu cha mpweya woteteza ndi wothandiza kwambiri pakubalalitsa chitetezo cha plasma chopangidwa ndi kuwotcherera kwamphamvu kwa laser.Mpweya wachitsulo umatenga mtengo wa laser ndikulowa mumtambo wa plasma.Mpweya woteteza wozungulira mpweya wachitsulo umakhalanso ionize chifukwa cha kutentha.Ngati madzi a m'magazi ali ochuluka kwambiri, mtengo wa laser umadyedwa ndi plasma.Monga mphamvu yachiwiri, madzi a m'magazi amakhalapo pamalo ogwirira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuya kwa weld kusakhale kozama komanso dziwe la weld dziwe lalikulu.
Momwe mungasankhire bwino kutchingira gasi ?
4. Mayamwidwe Rate
Mayamwidwe a laser azinthuzo amadalira zinthu zina zofunika, monga kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe, kuwunikira, matenthedwe amafuta, kutentha kosungunuka, ndi kutentha kwa evaporation.Pakati pazifukwa zonse, chofunikira kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe.
Zinthu ziwiri zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe azinthu ku mtengo wa laser.Choyamba ndi coefficient yotsutsa ya zinthu.Zimapezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe azinthuzo ndi kofanana ndi muzu wapakati wa coefficient yokana, ndipo kukana kumasiyana ndi kutentha.Kachiwiri, mawonekedwe apamwamba (kapena kumaliza) kwa zinthuzo ali ndi chikoka chofunikira pamayamwidwe a mtengowo, chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri kuwotcherera.
5. Kuwotcherera Kuthamanga
Liwiro kuwotcherera ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa kuya kwa malowedwe.Kuchuluka kwa liwiro kumapangitsa kuya kwa malowedwe kukhala osazama, koma kutsika kwambiri kumabweretsa kusungunuka kwazinthu ndi kuwotcherera kwa workpiece.Chifukwa chake, pali liwiro lowotcherera loyenera lazinthu zinazake zokhala ndi mphamvu zina za laser ndi makulidwe ena, ndipo kuzama kolowera kumatha kupezeka pa liwiro lofananira.
6. Kutalikirana kwa Lens Yoyang'ana
Lens yowunikira nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pamutu pamfuti yowotcherera, nthawi zambiri, kutalika kwa 63 ~ 254mm (m'mimba mwake 2.5 "~ 10") kumasankhidwa.Kukula kwa malo kumayenderana ndi utali wolunjika, kufupi ndi kutalika kwa malo kumacheperako.Komabe, kutalika kwa kutalika kwachindunji kumakhudzanso kuya kwa kuyang'ana, ndiko kuti, kuya kwa kuyang'ana kumawonjezeka mofanana ndi kutalika kwapakati, kotero kuti kutalika kwafupipafupi kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kachulukidwe ka mphamvu, koma chifukwa kuya kwake kumakhala kochepa, mtunda pakati pa mandala ndi workpiece ayenera kusungidwa molondola, ndipo kuya kwa kulowa si kwakukulu.Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya ma splashes ndi ma laser mode pakuwotcherera, kuya kwapang'onopang'ono komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwotcherera kwenikweni kumakhala 126mm (m'mimba mwake 5 "). Lens yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 254mm (m'mimba mwake 10 ") imatha kusankhidwa pamene msoko uli waukulu. kapena weld iyenera kuonjezedwa powonjezera kukula kwa malo.Pankhaniyi, mphamvu yotulutsa laser yapamwamba (kachulukidwe kamphamvu) imafunikira kuti mukwaniritse dzenje lakuya.
Mafunso ochulukirapo okhudza mtengo wamakina owotcherera a laser ndi kasinthidwe
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-27-2022