Mu myaka ya vuba aha, imashini zikoresha imirasire ya laser zabaye igikoresho gishya cyo gukuraho irangi ku buso butandukanye.
Nubwo igitekerezo cyo gukoresha urumuri rwinshi mu gukuraho irangi rya kera gishobora gusa n'aho ari ikizaza, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukuraho irangi hakoreshejwe laser ryagaragaye ko ari ikintuuburyo bwiza cyane bwo gukuraho irangi.
Guhitamo laser yo gukuraho ingese n'irangi mu byuma biroroshye, igihe cyose uzi icyo ushaka.
Urutonde rw'ibikubiye muri urwo rutonde
1. Ese ushobora gukuramo irangi ukoresheje laser?
Imashini zikoresha imirasire ya lazeri zikora zisohora fotoni zinjira mu irangi, bigatuma ricika kandi rigacika ku buso bwo hasi. Imirasire itandukanye ya lazeri ikoreshwa bitewe n'ubwoko bw'irangi riri gukurwaho.
Urugero,laser za dioxyde de carbone (CO2)Gusohora urumuri rwa infrared ku bunini bwa nanometero 10.600 bigira akamaro cyane mu gukurahoamarangi menshi ashingiye ku mavuta n'amazi nta kwangizaibintu nk'icyuma n'ibiti.
Ugereranije n'ibikoresho gakondo byo gukuraho irangi cyangwa gusiga irangi, muri rusange gukuraho irangi hakoreshejwe laser ni ibintu bisanzwe.inzira isukuye cyaneibyo bitanga imyanda mike cyangwa nta n'imwe iteza akaga.
Laser ishyushya kandi igakuraho gusa ibice byo hejuru byasizwe irangi nta ngaruka ku bikoresho biri hepfo.
Ubu buryo buboneye butuma irangi rikurwaho neza ku nkengero no mu bice bigoye kugerwaho. Imashini zikoresha imirasire zishobora no gukuraho irangiamarangi menshineza kurusha uburyo bwo gukoresha intoki.
Nubwo iki gitekerezo gishobora gusa n'aho giteye imbere, gusimbuza irangi hakoreshejwe laser byatangiye gukoreshwa mu bucuruzi kuva mu myaka ya 1990.
Mu myaka mike ishize, ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere kugira ngo rifashe igihe cyo gukuraho irangi ryihuse no gutunganya ubuso bunini. Imashini zitwara intoki zikoresha laser nazo zarabonetse, bituma habaho kongera uburyo bwo gukuraho irangi rya laser.
Iyo ikozwe n'umuntu wabihuguriwe, lasers zagaragaye ko zifite umutekano kandi zifite akamaro mu gukuraho substrates zitandukanye haba imbere no hanze.
2. Ni iyihe nzira yo gukuraho irangi rya laser?
Kugira ngo hamenyekane irangi rya laser strip, ubuso bubanza gusuzumwa kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere ikwiye ya laser.
Ibintu nk'ubwoko bw'irangi, ubunini, n'ibikoresho bya substrate birasuzumwa. Hanyuma laser za CO2 zihindurwa hakurikijwe imbaraga zikwiye, umuvuduko w'amaraso, n'umuvuduko hashingiwe kuri ibi biranga.
Mu gihe cyo gukuraho, icyuma cya laser cyimurwa hejuru y'ubuso mugukubita buhoro buhoro kandi mu buryo buhoraho.
Umurabyo wa infrared ushyushya ibice by'irangi, bigatuma bishya kandi bigacikahatabayeho kwangiza ibikoresho biri munsi.
Hashobora kuba ngombwa ko habaho inzira nyinshi z'urumuri kugira ngo ukureho burundu irangi ryinshi cyangwa irindi rifite urwego rw'inyongera rwa primer cyangwa sealer hepfo.
Laser y'inganda ikoresha imbaraga nyinshi ishobora gukuraho ahantu haninivuba cyane.
Ariko, ubuso buto cyangwa akazi gakorerwa ahantu hagufi akenshi bikorwa n'intoki. Muri ibi bihe, umukoresha ayobora icyuma gitwara urumuri cya laser hejuru y'irangi, areba niba hari irangi ritangiye kubira cyangwa rigahinduka umwijima mu gihe ibice byaryo byangiritse.
Kompresateri y'umwuka cyangwa agakoresho ko gushyiramo umwuka bifasha gukuraho uduce tw'irangi twacitse mu gihe cyo gukuraho.
Iyo ubuso bumaze kugaragara neza, ibisigazwa byose by'irangi cyangwa ibisigazwa bya karuboni bikurwaho.
Ku byuma, uburoso bw'insinga cyangwa agapapuro ko gukaraba bikora akazi.
Ibabibishobora gusaba gusigwa by'inyongera kugira ngo irangire neza. Ibikoresho byakuwemo bishobora gusuzumwa kugira ngo harebwe ubwiza bwabyo kandi hakorwe isuzuma ryose uko bikenewe.
Hamwe na laser,gukuraho ibintu byinshi cyane nigake cyaneikibazonk'uko bishobora kumera ku bikoresho byo gukata imiti.
Hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo gukuraho neza no kudakora ku kintu kimwe
Ikoranabuhanga rya Laser ryafunguye porogaramu nshya nyinshi zo gukuraho irangi
3. Ese koko imashini zikuraho varnish za laser zirakora?
Nubwo lasers zikora neza cyane mu gukuraho irangi.
Ikoranabuhanga rifitebyagaragaye ko bifite akamaro mu gukuraho ingese.
Kimwe no gukuraho irangi, gukuraho ingese hakoreshejwe urumuri rukoresha ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo hashyushye kandi hameneke ingese ku buso bw'icyuma.
Ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibikoresho bikuraho ingese hakoreshejwe laser buboneka bitewe n'ingano y'akazi.
Ku mishinga mito nko gusana ibikoresho by'icyuma cyangwa ibikoresho, ibikoresho bya laser bikoreshwa mu ntoki byemerera gukuraho ingese neza mu mpande zikomeye.
Sisitemu za laser zo mu nganda zishobora kuvura vuba ahantu hanini cyane hameze ingese ku bikoresho, ibinyabiziga, inyubako, n'ibindi.
Mu gihe cyo gukuraho ingese hakoreshejwe laser, ingufu z'urumuri rwinshi zishyushya ingesebitagize ingaruka ku cyuma cyiza kiri hepfo.
Ibi bituma uduce tw’ingese ducika cyangwa tugacika hejuru mu buryo bw’ifu, bigatuma icyuma gisukuye kigaragara.
Uburyo bwo gukoranaho ntabwo ari uguhuza abantu, butanga umusaruronoimyanda ihumanya cyangwa ibindi bintu bihumanyanko gukuraho ingese gakondo cyangwa gutwika umucanga.
Nubwo bishobora gufata igihe kinini ugereranyije n'ubundi buryo, gukuraho ingese hakoreshejwe laser nibigira ingaruka nziza cyanendetse no ku buso bwangiritse cyane.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura no kugenzura imirasire ya laser butuma habaho gukuraho ingese neza nta ngaruka zo kwangiza igice cyo hasi cy’icyuma. Kandi kubera ko ari byo byonyine biba byarakozweho ingese, ubunini bw’icyuma n’imiterere yacyo bigumaho.
Ku mishinga yo gusana aho kurinda ibikoresho by'ibanze ari ingenzi, ikoranabuhanga rya laser ryagaragaye ko ari igisubizo cyizewe cyo gukuraho ingese.
Iyo bikozwe n'umuntu wabihuguriwe, ibikoresho bikuraho ingese hakoreshejwe laser bishobora gukura ingese mu bice bitandukanye by'icyuma, ibinyabiziga, ibikoresho, n'ibyuma byubatswe mu buryo bwizewe kandi bunoze.
4. Gusaba gukuraho irangi rya laser
1. Imishinga yo gusana no kubungabunga- Imashini zikoresha imirasire ya lazeri zikwiriye cyane mu gukuraho witonze ibice by'ibikoresho bya kera, ibihangano by'ubugeni, ibishushanyo, n'ibindi bice by'ingenzi mu mateka.
2. Gutunganya imodoka- Ibikoresho bya laser byoroshya uburyo bwo gukuraho irangi ku mubiri w'imodoka, ibice byo kugabanya irangi, n'ibindi bice by'imodoka mbere yo kongera gusiga irangi.
3. Kubungabunga indege- Imashini nto zikoresha intoki zikoresha lasers ndetse n'inganda nini zifasha gukuraho indege mu gihe cyo gusana no kuvugurura.
4. Gutunganya ubwato- Amarangi yo mu mazi ntagereranywa n'ikoranabuhanga rya laser, ritekanye kurusha gusiga fiberglass cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bikora ubwato.
5. Gukuraho Graffiti- Imashini zikoresha imirasire ya lazeri zishobora gukuraho irangi rya graffiti ku buso ubwo aribwo bwose, harimo n'ubwubatsi bworoshye, zitangiza substrate iri munsi.
6. Kubungabunga ibikoresho by'inganda- Gukuraho imashini nini, ibikoresho, imashini zikoreshwa mu nganda byihuta kandi bitanga imyanda mike hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya laser.
7. Kubungabunga inyubako- Mu gusana cyangwa gusukura inyubako za kera, ibiraro, n'ibindi bikoresho by'ubwubatsi, laser ni ubundi buryo bwiza bwo gusimbuza uburyo bwo gukaraba.
5. Ibyiza byo gukuraho irangi rya laser
Uretse umuvuduko, ubushishozi, no gukuraho isuku bitangwa na lasers, hari izindi nyungu nyinshi zatumye ubu buryo bukundwa cyane mu gukoresha mu gusiga irangi:
1. Nta myanda cyangwa imyuka ihumanya ikorwa- Imirimo ya laseribicuruzwa bidafite ishingiro gusaugereranije n'imiti y'uburozi ituruka ku bashusha ibitambaro.
2. Ingaruka nke zo kwangirika ku buso- Uburyo bwo kudakoraho burinda ibyago byo gushwanyaguza cyangwa gutobora ibikoresho byoroshye nko gusya cyangwa gushwanyaguza.
3. Gukuraho irangi ryinshi- Laser ishobora gukuraho irangi rikabije rya kera, primer, na varnish mu buryo bumwe aho gukuraho imiti ikoreshwa mu gutandukanya irangi n'irindi.
4. Uburyo bugenzurwa- Imiterere ya laser irashobora guhindurwa bitewe n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'irangi n'ubugari, bigatuma habahoihoraho, ifite ubwiza bwo hejuruigisubizo cyo gukuramo ibyangiritse.
5. Guhindura ibintu mu buryo butandukanye- Imashini nini zo mu nganda zikoresha lasers n'izikoresha intoki ntoya zitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gukuraho irangi aho rikorera cyangwa mu iduka.
6. Kuzigama amafaranga- Nubwo ibikoresho bya laser bisaba ishoramari,ibiciro muri rusange bigereranywa nezaku bundi buryo bwo gushyira mu bikorwa imirimo, kujugunya imyanda, no kwangirika kw'ubutaka.
6. Inama z'umutekano n'akaga byo gukuraho irangi rya laser
Nubwo ikoranabuhanga ryo gukuraho irangi hakoreshejwe laser ritekanye cyane kurusha ubundi buryo, haracyari ibintu by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho mu mutekano:
1. Ibyuka bya Lazeri - Ntibigeze bibahoreba mu buryo butaziguye mu muyoboro hanyumaburi giheAmbara uburyo buhagije bwo kurinda amaso hakoreshejwe laser mu gihe cyo kubaga.
2. Inkongi y'umuriro- Menya neza ibintu byose bishobora gushya hafi kandi ushyireho icyuma kizimya umuriro mu gihe habayeho ikibatsi.
3. Guhumeka uduce duto tw'umwuka- Koreshakurinda ubuhumekero no guhumeka mu gace runakaiyo urimo gukuramo irangi kugira ngo wirinde guhumeka uduce duto tw'irangi n'umukungugu.
4. Ubwirinzi bwo kumva- Hari imirasire y'inganda imwe n'imwe ikoresha amajwi menshi kandi ikenera uburinzi bw'amatwi ku muntu uyikoresha.
5. Imyitozo Ikwiye- Abakora ibikoresho bya lazeri bahuguwe gusa ni bo bagomba gukoresha ibikoresho bya laser. Bazi gufunga byihutirwa kandi bakagira uburyo bwo gufunga.
6. Ibikoresho byo Kwirinda Umuntu ku Giti Cye - Nkuko bigenda ku nganda zose, kurikiza ibisabwa ku indorerwamo z’umutekano zikoreshwa mu rwego rwa laser, uturindantoki, inkweto zifunze, n’imyenda yo kwirinda.
7. Ibisigazwa nyuma yo gukuraho ibara- Reka ahantu hakonje neza kandi humuke neza mbere yo gufata ivumbi cyangwa imyanda isigaye nta PPE ikwiye.
Igihe cyo gukuraho gishobora gutandukana cyane bitewe n'ibintu nk'ubugari bw'irangi, ibikoresho bya substrate, n'imbaraga za laser.
Nk'amabwiriza arambuye, teganya gukora iminota 15-30 kuri metero kare imwe ku mpuzandengo y'imyambaro 1-2. Ubuso bunini bushobora gufata isaha imwe cyangwa irenga kuri metero kare imwe.
Yego, iyo hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa laser bukwiye, irangi risanzwe rikoreshwa mu nganda rishobora gukurwaho harimo epoxies, urethanes, acrylics, n'irangi ry'ibice bibiri.
Ubunini bwa CO2 laser bugira ingaruka nziza cyane kuri ibi bikoresho.
Oya, lasers zishobora gukuraho irangi mu buryo bwihariye zitangiza ibikoresho nk'ibiti, fiberglass, n'icyuma mu gihe cyose imiterere yazo ikozwe neza.
Umurabyo ushyushya gusa irangi rifite ibara kugira ngo risukurwe neza.
Imashini nini zikora ku bucuruzi zirashobora gukuraho ahantu hanini cyane hahoraho, harenga metero kare 1000 ku isaha.
Umuyoboro ugenzurwa na mudasobwa kugira ngo ufashe neza ingano iyo ari yo yose kuva ku bice bito kugeza ku ndege, amato, n'izindi nyubako nini.
Yego, utudomo duto cyangwa ibisigazwa byose bishobora gukurwaho umucanga cyangwa gukurwaho nyuma yo gukuraho laser.
Hanyuma, substrate isukuye iba yiteguye gukoreshwa mu gushushanya cyangwa gusiga irangi.
Leta nyinshi n'ahantu hakorerwa akazi bisaba amahugurwa ku bijyanye n'umutekano wa laser kugira ngo ukoreshe sisitemu zikoresha imbaraga nyinshi. Icyemezo nk'umukozi ushinzwe umutekano wa laser nacyo gishobora kuba ngombwa bitewe n'ubwoko bwa laser n'uburyo ikoreshwa mu bucuruzi.
Abatanga ibikoresho (twebwe) bashobora gutanga gahunda z'amahugurwa zikwiye.
Urashaka gutangira gukuraho irangi ukoresheje laser?
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-05-2024