Ingilazi Eqoshiwe Nge-Laser: Konke Okufanele Ukwazi Ngayo [2024]
Uma abantu abaningi becabanga ngengilazi, bayicabanga njengento ebucayi - into engaphuka kalula uma icindezelwa kakhulu noma ishiswa kakhulu.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kungase kumangaze ukuzwa ukuthi ingilaziempeleni ingasikwa kusetshenziswa i-laser.
Ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-laser ablation, ama-laser anamandla amakhulu angasusa noma "anqume" ngokunembile izimo engilazini ngaphandle kokubangela imifantu noma ukuqhekeka.
Uhlu Lokuqukethwe:
1. Ungakwazi yini ukusika ingilazi nge-laser?
Ukususwa kwe-laser kusebenza ngokuqondisa umsebe we-laser ogxile kakhulu ebusweni bengilazi.
Ukushisa okukhulu okuvela ku-laser kuhwamukisa inani elincane lengilazi.
Ngokuhambisa umsebe we-laser ngokwephethini ehleliwe, izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nemiklamo kungasikwa ngokunemba okumangalisayo, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube yisilinganiso sengxenye eyodwa kweziyikhulu zesentimitha.
Ngokungafani nezindlela zokusika ngomshini ezincike ekuthinteni ngokomzimba, ama-laser avumela ukusika okungathintani okukhiqiza imiphetho ehlanzekile kakhulu ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukucindezela impahla.
Nakuba umqondo "wokusika" ingilazi nge-laser ungase ubonakale uphikisana, kungenzeka ngoba ama-laser avumela ukushisa nokususa izinto ngendlela enembile kakhulu nelawulwayo.
Uma nje ukusika kwenziwa kancane kancane kancane, ingilazi iyakwazi ukuqeda ukushisa ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuthi ingaqhekeki noma iqhume ngenxa yokushaqeka kokushisa.
Lokhu kwenza ukusika nge-laser kube inqubo efanelekile yengilazi, okuvumela ukuthi kukhiqizwe amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi angaba nzima noma angenzeki ngezindlela zokusika zendabuko.
2. Yiliphi ingilazi elingasikwa nge-laser?
Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zengilazi ezingasikwa nge-laser ngokulinganayo. Ingilazi efanele yokusika nge-laser idinga ukuba nezakhiwo ezithile zokushisa nezokukhanya.
Ezinye zezinhlobo zengilazi ezivame kakhulu nezifaneleka kakhulu zokusika nge-laser zifaka:
1. Ingilazi Ehlanganisiwe:Ingilazi entantayo noma ipuleti engakaze ithole ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kokushisa. Iyasika futhi iqophe kahle kodwa ithambekele kakhulu ekuqhekekeni ngenxa yokucindezeleka kokushisa.
2. Ingilazi Ethambile:Ingilazi elashwe ngokushisa ukuze iqinise futhi imelane nokuqhekeka. Ibekezelela ukushisa kakhulu kodwa ibiza kakhulu.
3. Ingilazi Engenansimbi Ephansi:Ingilazi enokuqukethwe kwensimbi okuncishisiwe edlulisa ukukhanya kwe-laser ngempumelelo futhi inqamule ngemiphumela yokushisa engaphansi kwensalela.
4. Ingilazi Ebonakalayo:Ingilazi ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukudlulisa ukukhanya okuphezulu okunokuncipha okuncane, esetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-optics ezinembile.
5. Ingilazi ye-Silica Ehlanganisiwe:Uhlobo oluhlanzekile kakhulu lwengilazi ye-quartz olungamelana namandla aphezulu e-laser kanye nokusikwa/ukuqoshwa ngokunemba okungenakuqhathaniswa kanye nemininingwane.
Ngokuvamile, izibuko ezine-iron encane zisikwa ngekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle njengoba zimunca amandla amancane e-laser.
Izingilazi ezijiyile ezingaphezu kuka-3mm nazo zidinga ama-laser anamandla kakhulu. Ukwakheka kanye nokucutshungulwa kwengilazi kunquma ukufaneleka kwayo ekusikeni nge-laser.
3. Yimuphi umshini we-laser ongasika ingilazi?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-laser ezimboni afanelekela ukusika ingilazi, ngokukhetha okuhle kuye ngezici ezifana nobukhulu bezinto, isivinini sokusika, kanye nezidingo zokunemba:
1. Ama-laser e-CO2:I-laser esebenza kahle yokusika izinto ezahlukahlukene okuhlanganisa nengilazi. Ikhiqiza umsebe we-infrared omuncwa kahle yizinto eziningi. Ingasikakufika ku-30mmyengilazi kodwa ngesivinini esiphansi.
2. Ama-Laser e-Fiber:Ama-laser amasha e-solid-state anikeza isivinini sokusika esisheshayo kune-CO2. Akhiqiza imisebe ye-near-infrared emuncwa kahle yingilazi. Avame ukusetshenziswa ukusikakufika ku-15mmingilazi.
3. Ama-Laser Aluhlaza:Ama-laser e-Solid-state akhipha ukukhanya okuluhlaza okubonakalayo okumuncwa kahle yingilazi ngaphandle kokushisa izindawo ezizungezile.ukuqopha okunembe kakhuluyengilazi encane.
4. Ama-Laser e-UV:Ama-laser e-Excimer akhipha ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet angafezaukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kokusikaezingilazini ezincane ngenxa yezindawo ezincane ezithinteke kakhulu ekushiseni. Kodwa-ke, kudinga ukukhanya okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
5. Ama-Laser e-Picosecond:Ama-laser asheshayo ashaya ngamandla anquma ngokukhipha ama-pulse ngamanye ama-trillionth of the sec ubude. Angasikaamaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi kakhuluengilazini enecishe akukho zingozi zokushisa noma zokuqhekeka.
I-laser efanele incike ezicini ezifana nobukhulu bengilazi kanye nezakhiwo zokushisa/zokukhanya, kanye nesivinini sokusika esidingekayo, ukunemba, kanye nekhwalithi yomphetho.
Nokho, ngokusethwa kwe-laser okufanele, cishe noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinto zengilazi lunganqunywa lube amaphethini amahle nayinkimbinkimbi.
4. Izinzuzo Zengilazi Yokusika Nge-Laser
Kunezinzuzo eziningana ezibalulekile ezihambisana nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokusika nge-laser kwengilazi:
1. Ukunemba kanye Nemininingwane:Ama-laser avumelaukusika ngokunemba kwezinga le-micronamaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi kanye nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingaba nzima noma ezingenakwenzeka ngezinye izindlela. Lokhu kwenza ukusika nge-laser kube kuhle kakhulu kuma-logo, ubuciko obuthambile, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-optics enembile.
2. Akukho ukuthintana ngokomzimba:Njengoba ama-laser enqamula ukususwa kwegesi esikhundleni samandla emishini, akukho ukuthintana noma ukucindezeleka okubekwa engilazini ngesikhathi sokusika.kunciphisa amathuba okuqhekeka noma ukuqhekekangisho nangezinto zengilazi ezibuthakathaka noma ezithambile.
3. Imingcele Ehlanzekile:Inqubo yokusika nge-laser igcwalisa ingilazi ngokuhlanzekile kakhulu, ikhiqize imiphetho evame ukufana nengilazi noma eqediwe ngesibuko.ngaphandle komonakalo wemishini noma imfucumfucu.
4. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo:Izinhlelo ze-laser zingahlelwa kalula ukuze zisike izinhlobo eziningi zezimo namaphethini ngamafayela okuklama edijithali. Izinguquko zingenziwa ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo ngesofthiwengaphandle kokushintsha amathuluzi angokoqobo.
5. Isivinini:Nakuba kungasheshi njengokusika ngomshini kwezicelo eziningi, isivinini sokusika nge-laser siyaqhubeka nokukhula ngeubuchwepheshe obusha be-laser.Amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi ake athatha amahora amaningimanje inganqunywa ngemizuzu embalwa.
6. Akukho Ukugqoka Amathuluzi:Njengoba ama-laser esebenza ngokugxila kokukhanya kunokuxhumana ngomshini, akukho ukuguguleka kwamathuluzi, ukuphuka, noma isidingo sawoukushintshwa njalo kwemiphetho yokusikanjengasezinqubweni zemishini.
7. Ukuhambisana kwezinto ezibonakalayo:Izinhlelo ze-laser ezilungiselelwe kahle ziyahambisana nokusikacishe noma yiluphi uhlobo lwengilazi, kusukela engilazini evamile ye-soda lime kuya ku-silica ekhethekile ehlanganisiwe, nemiphumelakukhawulelwe kuphela yizakhiwo ezibonakalayo nezokushisa zezinto ezibonakalayo.
5. Izinkinga Zokusika Nge-Glass Laser
Yiqiniso, ubuchwepheshe bokusika ingilazi nge-laser abunazo izinkinga ezithile:
1. Izindleko Ezinkulu Zemali:Nakuba izindleko zokusebenza nge-laser zingaba zincane, ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kohlelo oluphelele lokusika nge-laser yezimboni olufanele ingilazikungaba yinto ebalulekile, ukunciphisa ukufinyelela ezitolo ezincane noma emisebenzini yohlobo lwe-prototype.
2. Imikhawulo Yokusebenzisa:Ukusikwa nge-laser kuyintongokuvamile kuhamba kancanekunokusika ngomshini ukuze kusetshenziswe ubukhulu, ukusika izimpahla zamashidi engilazi ajiyile. Amanani okukhiqiza angase angafaneleki ekusetshenzisweni kokukhiqiza okuphezulu.
3. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo:Kudinga ama-laserukushintshwa ngezikhathi ezithileizingxenye zokukhanya ezingawohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuchayeka. Izindleko zegesi nazo zihilelekile ezinqubweni zokusika nge-laser ezisizwayo.
4. Ukuhambisana kwezinto ezibonakalayo:Nakuba ama-laser angasika izinto eziningi zengilazi, lawo anazoukumuncwa okuphezulu kungashisa noma kushintshe umbalakunokuba usike kahle ngenxa yemiphumela yokushisa esele endaweni ethintekile ukushisa.
5. Izinyathelo Zokuphepha:Kudingeka izindlela zokuphepha eziqinile kanye namaseli okusika nge-laser avaliweukuvimbela ukulimala kwamehlo nesikhumbakusukela ekukhanyeni kwe-laser enamandla amakhulu kanye nemfucumfucu yengilazi.Umoya ofanele nawo uyadingekaukususa umusi onobuthi.
6. Izidingo Zamakhono:Ochwepheshe abafanelekayo abaqeqeshwe ngokuphepha nge-laserkuyadingekaukusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-laser. Ukuqondanisa okulungile kokukhanya kanye nokwenza ngcono amapharamitha enqubokumele futhi kwenziwe njalo.
Ngakho-ke ngamafuphi, nakuba ukusika nge-laser kuvumela amathuba amasha engilazi, izinzuzo zako ziza ngezindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kwemishini kanye nobunzima bokusebenza uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokusika zendabuko.
Kubalulekile ukucabangisisa izidingo zesicelo.
6. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngokusika Ingilazi Nge-Laser
1. Uhlobo Luni Lwengilazi Olukhiqiza Imiphumela Engcono Kakhulu Yokusika Nge-Laser?
Izakhi zengilazi ezinensimbi ephansikuvame ukukhiqiza ukusika kanye nemiphetho ehlanzekile kakhulu lapho kusikwa nge-laser. Ingilazi ye-silica ehlanganisiwe nayo isebenza kahle kakhulu ngenxa yobumsulwa bayo obuphezulu kanye nezakhiwo zokudlulisa ukukhanya.
Ngokuvamile, ingilazi ene-iron encane incipha kahle kakhulu njengoba imunca amandla amancane e-laser.
2. Ingabe Ingilazi Ethambile Inganqunywa Nge-Laser?
Yebo, ingilazi eqinisiwe ingasikwa nge-laser kodwa idinga izinhlelo ze-laser ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokwenza ngcono inqubo. Inqubo yokulinganisela ikhulisa ukumelana nokushaqeka kokushisa kwengilazi, okwenza ikwazi ukubekezelela ukushisa kwendawo okuvela ekusikweni nge-laser.
Ama-laser anamandla aphezulu kanye nesivinini sokusika esihamba kancane ngokuvamile kuyadingeka.
3. Kuyini Ubukhulu Obuncane Engingabusika Nge-Laser?
Izinhlelo eziningi ze-laser zezimboni ezisetshenziselwa ingilazi zingasika ngokuthembekile ubukhulu be-substratephansi kuya ku-1-2mmkuye ngokwakheka kwezinto kanye nohlobo/amandla e-laser.ama-laser akhethekile okushaya kwenhliziyo okufushane, ukusika ingilazi encane njengeKungenzeka ukuthi i-0.1mm.
Ubukhulu obuncane bokusika ekugcineni buxhomeke ezidingweni zohlelo lokusebenza kanye namakhono e-laser.
4. Ukusika nge-Laser kungaba okunembile kangakanani kwengilazi?
Ngokusethwa kwe-laser kanye ne-optics efanele, izinqumo zeIzinkulungwane ezimbili kuya kwezinhlanu ze-intshikungafinyelelwa njalo lapho kusikwa/kuqoshwa nge-laser engilazini.
Ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kuze kufike ku-Ingxenye eyodwa ye-intshinoma kungcono kungenzeka usebenzisaizinhlelo ze-laser ezisheshayo kakhuluUkunemba kuncike kakhulu ezicini ezifana nobude be-laser kanye nekhwalithi yokukhanya.
5. Ingabe Umkhawulo Osikiwe Wengilazi Esikiwe Nge-Laser Uphephile?
Yebo, unqenqema olusikiwe lwengilazi ekhishwe nge-laser luyikuphephile ngokuvamilenjengoba kungumphetho ophefumulayo kunokuba umphetho oqhekekile noma ocindezelekile.
Kodwa-ke, njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yokusika ingilazi, kufanele kulandelwe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele, ikakhulukazi eduze kwengilazi ethambile noma eqinile.kusengadala izingozi uma konakele ngemva kokusikwa.
6. Ingabe Kunzima Ukuklama Amaphethini Engilazi Yokusika Nge-Laser?
No, ukwakheka kwephethini yokusika nge-laser kulula kakhulu. Iningi lesofthiwe yokusika nge-laser isebenzisa amafomethi ajwayelekile efayela lesithombe noma le-vector angadalwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okuklama avamile.
Isofthiwe bese icubungula lawa mafayela ukuze ikhiqize izindlela zokusika ngenkathi yenza noma yikuphi ukwakheka/ukuhlelwa kwezingxenye okudingekayo ephepheni.
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Okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu okucebile kwezixazululo ze-laser zokucubungula izinto zensimbi nezingezona ezensimbi kugxile kakhulu ekukhangiseni komhlaba wonke, ezimotweni nasezindizeni, ezintweni zensimbi, ezisetshenziswayo zokufaka udayi, embonini yezindwangu nezindwangu.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-14-2024