Kodi kuwotcherera ndi laser n'chiyani? Kufotokozera za kuwotcherera ndi laser! Zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza kuwotcherera ndi laser, kuphatikizapo mfundo zazikulu ndi magawo akuluakulu a njira!
Makasitomala ambiri samvetsa mfundo zoyambira zogwirira ntchito za makina owotcherera a laser, osatchulanso kusankha makina oyenera owotcherera a laser, komabe Mimowork Laser ili pano kuti ikuthandizeni kupanga chisankho choyenera ndikupereka chithandizo chowonjezera kuti chikuthandizeni kumvetsetsa makina owotcherera a laser.
Kodi Kuwotcherera kwa Laser N'chiyani?
Kuwotcherera kwa laser ndi mtundu wa kuwotcherera kosungunuka, pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa laser ngati gwero la kutentha, mfundo yowotcherera ndi yakuti njira yeniyeni yolimbikitsira chogwirira ntchito, ndikupanga kugwedezeka kwa m'mimba mozungulira, kenako nkusintha kukhala kuwala kolimbikitsidwa, pamene kuwala ndi chidutswa cha ntchito zikugwirizana, mphamvu imayamwa ndi chidutswa cha ntchito, pamene kutentha kufika pamlingo wosungunuka wa zinthuzo kumatha kuwotcherera.
Malinga ndi njira yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito dziwe lopachikira, kuwotcherera kwa laser kuli ndi njira ziwiri zazikulu zowotcherera: kuwotcherera koyendetsa kutentha ndi kuwotcherera kozama (kiyibowo). Kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi kuwotcherera koyendetsa kutentha kumafalikira ku gawo logwirira ntchito kudzera mu kusamutsa kutentha, kotero kuti pamwamba pa wotchiyo pasungunuke, sipayenera kuchitika nthunzi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera zinthu zocheperako. Kuwotcherera kozama kumatenthetsa zinthuzo ndikupanga plasma yambiri. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu, padzakhala mabowo kutsogolo kwa dziwe losungunuka. Kuwotcherera kozama ndi njira yowotcherera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi laser, imatha kuwotcherera bwino gawo logwirira ntchito, ndipo mphamvu yolowera ndi yayikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwotcherera kukhale kothamanga kwambiri.
Magawo a Njira mu Kuwotcherera kwa Laser
Pali njira zambiri zomwe zimakhudza ubwino wa kuwotcherera kwa laser, monga kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, mawonekedwe a mafunde a laser, kuchotsa focus, liwiro la kuwotcherera komanso kusankha mpweya woteteza wothandizira.
Kuchuluka kwa Mphamvu ya Laser
Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga laser. Ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo, pamwamba pake pamatha kutenthedwa mpaka kufika powira mkati mwa microsekondi imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nthunzi yambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yochuluka ndikwabwino pochotsa zinthu monga kuboola, kudula ndi kulemba. Kuti pakhale mphamvu yocheperako, pamafunika ma millisecond angapo kuti kutentha kwa pamwamba kufikire powira, ndipo pamwamba pake pasanatuluke nthunzi, pansi pake pafika posungunuka, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kupanga weld yabwino yosungunuka. Chifukwa chake, mu mawonekedwe a welding ya laser yopititsira kutentha, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi 104-106W/cm2.
Mafunde a Laser Pulse
Mafunde a laser si chinthu chofunikira kwambiri posiyanitsa kuchotsa zinthu kuchokera ku kusungunuka kwa zinthu, komanso ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chodziwira kuchuluka ndi mtengo wa zipangizo zokonzera. Pamene kuwala kwa laser kwamphamvu kwambiri kuponyedwa pamwamba pa chinthucho, pamwamba pa chinthucho padzakhala ndi 60 ~ 90% ya mphamvu ya laser yomwe imawonetsedwa ndikuganiziridwa kuti ndi yotayika, makamaka golide, siliva, mkuwa, aluminiyamu, titaniyamu ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi kuwunikira kwamphamvu komanso kutentha mwachangu. Kuwunikira kwa chitsulo kumasiyana pakapita nthawi panthawi ya kugwedezeka kwa laser. Pamene kutentha kwa pamwamba pa chinthucho kukukwera kufika pamalo osungunuka, kuwunikira kumachepa mofulumira, ndipo pamene pamwamba pake pali kusungunuka, kuwunikira kumakhazikika pamtengo winawake.
Kuchuluka kwa Kugunda kwa Laser
Kutalika kwa pulse ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la pulsed laser welding. Kutalika kwa pulse kunatsimikiziridwa ndi kuzama kwa kulowa ndi dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi kutentha. Kutalika kwa pulse, ndi komwe kutentha kumakulirakulira, ndipo kuzama kwa kulowa kumawonjezeka ndi 1/2 mphamvu ya pulse width. Komabe, kuwonjezeka kwa pulse width kudzachepetsa mphamvu ya peak, kotero kuwonjezeka kwa pulse width nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale weld yayikulu komanso yosaya, makamaka yoyenera kuwotcherera lap ya mbale zoonda komanso zokhuthala. Komabe, mphamvu yochepa ya peak imabweretsa kutentha kwambiri, ndipo chinthu chilichonse chili ndi pulse width yabwino kwambiri yomwe imakulitsa kuzama kwa kulowa.
Kuchuluka kwa Defocus
Kuwotcherera kwa laser nthawi zambiri kumafuna kuchotsa chidwi china, chifukwa mphamvu ya pakati pa malo owunikira laser ndi yayikulu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zowotcherera zikhale zonyowa mosavuta. Kugawidwa kwa mphamvu yamagetsi kumakhala kofanana pamlingo uliwonse kutali ndi kuyang'ana kwa laser.
Pali njira ziwiri zochotsera chidwi:
Kuchotsa zinthu molakwika ndi molakwika. Ngati malo ozungulira ali pamwamba pa malo ogwirira ntchito, ndiye kuti ndi kuchotsera zinthu molakwika; apo ayi, ndiye kuti ndi kuchotsera zinthu molakwika. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha geometric optics, pamene mtunda pakati pa malo ochotsera zinthu molakwika ndi molakwika ndi malo olumikizira zinthu molakwika uli wofanana, mphamvu yamagetsi pa malo ogwirizana ndi ofanana, koma kwenikweni, mawonekedwe a dziwe losungunuka ndi osiyana. Pankhani ya kuchotsera zinthu molakwika, kulowa kwakukulu kungapezeke, komwe kumakhudzana ndi njira yopangira dziwe losungunuka.
Kuwotcherera Liwiro
Liwiro la kuwotcherera limatsimikizira mtundu wa pamwamba pa kuwotcherera, kuzama kwa kulowa, malo omwe akhudzidwa ndi kutentha ndi zina zotero. Liwiro la kuwotcherera lidzakhudza momwe kutentha kumalowera pa nthawi iliyonse. Ngati liwiro la kuwotcherera lili pang'onopang'ono kwambiri, kutentha kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yogwirira ntchito ipse. Ngati liwiro la kuwotcherera lili mofulumira kwambiri, kutentha kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yogwirira ntchito ilowe pang'ono komanso yosatha. Kuchepetsa liwiro la kuwotcherera nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti kuwonjezere kulowa.
Mpweya Wothandizira Woteteza Nkhonya
Mpweya wothandizira woteteza kuphulika ndi njira yofunika kwambiri pakuwotcherera ndi laser yamphamvu kwambiri. Kumbali imodzi, kupewa kuti zitsulo zisatuluke ndikuipitsa galasi loyang'ana; Kumbali ina, ndikuletsa plasma yopangidwa mu ndondomeko yowotcherera kuti isayang'ane kwambiri ndikuletsa laser kufika pamwamba pa zinthuzo. Mu ndondomeko yowotcherera ndi laser, helium, argon, nayitrogeni ndi mpweya wina nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza dziwe losungunuka, kuti chidebecho chisatenthedwe muukadaulo wowotcherera. Zinthu monga mtundu wa mpweya woteteza, kukula kwa mpweya ndi ngodya yowotcherera zimakhudza kwambiri zotsatira za kuwotcherera, ndipo njira zosiyanasiyana zowotcherera nazonso zimakhudza mtundu wa kuwotcherera.
Chowotcherera cha Laser Chogwiritsidwa Ntchito Pamanja chomwe tikukulimbikitsani:
Wowotcherera wa Laser - Malo Ogwirira Ntchito
◾ Kutentha kwa malo ogwirira ntchito: 15 ~ 35 ℃
Chinyezi cha malo ogwirira ntchito: < 70% Palibe kuzizira
◾ Kuziziritsa: choziziritsira madzi n'chofunikira chifukwa cha ntchito yochotsa kutentha kwa zinthu zomwe zimachotsa kutentha pogwiritsa ntchito laser, kuonetsetsa kuti chowotcherera cha laser chikuyenda bwino.
(Kagwiritsidwe ntchito mwatsatanetsatane ndi chitsogozo chokhudza choziziritsira madzi, mutha kuwona:Njira Zopewera Kuzizira kwa CO2 Laser System)
Mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za Oweta Laser?
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-22-2022