1. Isantya sokusika
Abathengi abaninzi xa bethetha nomatshini wokusika nge-laser baya kubuza ukuba umatshini wokusika nge-laser unokusika ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Enyanisweni, umatshini wokusika nge-laser sisixhobo esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu, kwaye isantya sokusika ngokwemvelo yeyona nto iphambili kubathengi. Kodwa isantya sokusika esikhawulezayo asichazi umgangatho wokusika nge-laser.
Ngokukhawuleza kakhuluukunciphisa isantya
a. Andikwazi ukusika izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo
b. Umphezulu wokusika ubonisa iinkozo ezigobileyo, kwaye isiqingatha esisezantsi sento yokusebenza sivelisa amabala anyibilikayo
c. Umphetho onzima wokusika
Isantya sokusika sicotha kakhulu
a. Imeko yokunyibilika kakhulu ngenxa yomphezulu wokusika orhabaxa
b. Umsantsa obanzi wokusika kunye nekona ebukhali ziyanyibilikiswa zibe ziikona ezijikelezileyo
Ukuze izixhobo zomatshini wokusika nge-laser zisebenze ngcono kumsebenzi wazo wokusika, musa ukubuza nje ukuba umatshini we-laser unokusika ngokukhawuleza kangakanani, impendulo idla ngokungachanekanga. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, nika iMimoWork iinkcukacha zezinto ozifunayo, kwaye siya kukunika impendulo enoxanduva ngakumbi.
2. Indawo yokugxila
Ngenxa yokuba uxinano lwamandla elaser lunempembelelo enkulu kwisantya sokusika, ukukhethwa kobude be-lens focal yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ubungakanani be-laser spot emva kokugxila kwe-laser beam buhambelana nobude be-focal yelens. Emva kokuba i-laser beam ijoliswe yilens enobude obufutshane be-focal, ubungakanani be-laser spot buncinci kakhulu kwaye uxinano lwamandla kwindawo ye-focal luphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo eluncedo ekusikeni kwezinto. Kodwa ingxaki yayo kukuba ngobunzulu be-focal obufutshane, kuphela isibonelelo esincinci sokulungiswa kobukhulu bezinto. Ngokubanzi, ilensi yokugxila enobude obufutshane be-focal ifanelekile ngakumbi kwizinto ezincinci zokusika ngesantya esiphezulu. Kwaye ilensi yokugxila enobude obude be-focal inobunzulu obubanzi be-focal, lo gama nje inobunzima bamandla obaneleyo, ifanelekile ngakumbi ekusikeni izinto zokusebenza ezixineneyo ezifana ne-foam, i-acrylic, kunye nomthi.
Emva kokugqiba ukuba yeyiphi ilensi yobude be-focal ekufuneka isetyenziswe, indawo ehambelana nendawo yokugxila kumphezulu we-workpiece ibaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wokusika. Ngenxa yobuninzi bamandla kwindawo yokugxila, kwiimeko ezininzi, indawo yokugxila ikufutshane okanye ingaphantsi kancinci komphezulu we-workpiece xa usika. Kuyo yonke inkqubo yokusika, yimeko ebalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo ehambelana nendawo yokugxila kunye ne-workpiece ihlala ihleli ukuze kufunyanwe umgangatho wokusika ozinzileyo.
3. Inkqubo Yokuvuthela Umoya kunye neGesi Encedisayo
Ngokubanzi, ukusika nge-laser yezinto kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwegesi encedisayo, enxulumene kakhulu nohlobo kunye noxinzelelo lwegesi encedisayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, igesi encedisayo ikhutshwa ngomqadi we-laser ukukhusela ilensi ekungcoleni nasekuvuthuzeni i-slag esezantsi kwendawo yokusika. Kwizinto ezingezizo zesinyithi kunye nezinye izinto zesinyithi, umoya ocinezelweyo okanye igesi engasebenziyo isetyenziselwa ukususa izinto ezinyibilikisiweyo neziphumayo, ngelixa kuthintela ukutsha okugqithisileyo kwindawo yokusika.
Phantsi kwesiseko sokuqinisekisa igesi encedisayo, uxinzelelo lwegesi luyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Xa kusikwa izinto ezincinci ngesantya esiphezulu, uxinzelelo lwegesi oluphezulu luyafuneka ukuthintela ukuba i-slag inganamatheli ngasemva kwesinqumlo (i-slag eshushu iya konakalisa umda wesinqumlo xa ifika kwindawo yokusebenza). Xa ubukhulu bezinto busanda okanye isantya sokusika sicotha, uxinzelelo lwegesi kufuneka luncitshiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
4. Izinga lokuCamngca
Ububanzi bomphezulu we-laser ye-CO2 yi-10.6 μm, nto leyo ilungele ukufunxwa zizinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi. Kodwa i-laser ye-CO2 ayifanelekanga ukusika isinyithi, ingakumbi izinto zesinyithi ezine-reflectivity ephezulu njengegolide, isilivere, ubhedu kunye nesinyithi se-aluminium, njl.
Izinga lokufunxwa kwezinto ukuya emqadini lidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinqanaba lokuqala lokufudumeza, kodwa xa umngxuma wokusika wenziwe ngaphakathi kwento yokusebenza, isiphumo somzimba omnyama womngxuma senza izinga lokufunxwa kwezinto ukuya emqadini lisondele kwi-100%.
Imeko yomphezulu wezinto ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukufunxwa komqadi, ingakumbi uburhabaxa bomphezulu, kwaye umaleko we-oxide yomphezulu uya kubangela utshintsho olucacileyo kwizinga lokufunxwa komphezulu. Kwindlela yokusika nge-laser, ngamanye amaxesha ukusebenza kokusika kwezinto kunokuphuculwa yimpembelelo yemeko yomphezulu wezinto kwizinga lokufunxwa komqadi.
5. Impumlo yeNtloko yeLaser
Ukuba umlomo awukhethwanga kakuhle okanye awugcinwanga kakuhle, kulula ukubangela ungcoliseko okanye umonakalo, okanye ngenxa yokuba umlomo womlomo awujikelezi kakuhle okanye ukuvaleka kwendawo okubangelwa kukutshiza kwesinyithi esishushu, imisinga ye-eddy iya kwakheka emlonyeni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukusebenza kokusika kube kubi kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, umlomo womlomo awuhambelani nomqadi ojolisiweyo, nto leyo eyenza umqadi wokucheba umphetho womlomo, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela nomgangatho wokusika umphetho, yandise ububanzi bomngxuma kwaye yenze ubungakanani bokusika bube bufutshane.
Kwimibhobho yomlomo, imiba emibini kufuneka inikwe ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo
a. Impembelelo yobubanzi be-nozzle.
b. Impembelelo yomgama ophakathi kwe-nozzle kunye nomphezulu we-workpiece.
6. Indlela yokujonga
Umqadi wokuqala okhutshwa yilaser udluliselwa (kubandakanya ukubonakalisa kunye nokudlulisa) ngenkqubo yendlela yangaphandle ye-optical, kwaye ukhanyisa ngokuchanekileyo umphezulu wento yokusebenza ngobuninzi bamandla aphezulu kakhulu.
Izinto ezibonakalayo zenkqubo yendlela yangaphandle ye-optical kufuneka zihlolwe rhoqo kwaye zilungiswe ngexesha ukuqinisekisa ukuba xa itotshi yokusika isebenza ngaphezulu kwento yokusebenza, umqadi wokukhanya udluliselwa ngokuchanekileyo embindini welensi kwaye ugxile kwindawo encinci ukuze usike into yokusebenza ngomgangatho ophezulu. Nje ukuba indawo yayo nayiphi na into ye-optical itshintshe okanye ingcoliswe, umgangatho wokusika uya kuchaphazeleka, kwaye nokusika akunakuqhutywa.
Ilensi yendlela yangaphandle ye-optical ingcoliswa bubumdaka obukwindlela yomoya kwaye idityaniswe ngamasuntswana atshizayo kwindawo yokusika, okanye ilensi ayipholiswanga ngokwaneleyo, nto leyo eya kubangela ukuba ilensi ishushu kakhulu kwaye ichaphazele ukuhanjiswa kwamandla omsebe. Ibangela ukuba i-collimation yendlela ye-optical ikhukuleke kwaye ikhokelele kwimiphumo emibi. Ukugqithisa kwelensi kuya kubangela ukugqwetheka kwe-focal kwaye kude kube yingozi kwilensi ngokwayo.
Funda ngakumbi malunga neentlobo zokusika i-laser ye-co2 kunye namaxabiso
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-20-2022